Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 3.54.7
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
स॒मा॒न्या वियु॑ते दू॒रेअ॑न्ते ध्रु॒वे प॒दे त॑स्थतुर्जाग॒रूके॑ । उ॒त स्वसा॑रा युव॒ती भव॑न्ती॒ आदु॑ ब्रुवाते मिथु॒नानि॒ नाम॑ ॥
समान्या वियुते दूरेअन्ते ध्रुवे पदे तस्थतुर्जागरूके । उत स्वसारा युवती भवन्ती आदु ब्रुवाते मिथुनानि नाम ॥
samānyā viyute dūreante dhruve pade tasthatur jāgarūke | uta svasārā yuvatī bhavantī ād u bruvāte mithunāni nāma ||
English translation:
“Common (in function), disjoined, of distant termination, they remain vigilant in a permanent station; being, as it were, sisters, and ever young; they therefore address each other by twin appellations.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Heaven and earth are the person nifications here alluded to; address each other by twin appellations: ādu bruvāte mithunāni nāma; heaven and earth are designated together by urvi and other duplicate terms: urvyādibhir dvandva nāmābhir dyāvāpṛthivyavucyate
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): prajāpatirvaiśvāmitro vācyo vā [prajāpatirvaiśvāmitra vācya vā];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśvedevā:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
स॒मा॒न्या । वियु॑ते॒ इति॒ विऽयु॑ते । दू॒रेअ॑न्ते॒ इति॑ दू॒रेऽअ॑न्ते । ध्रु॒वे । प॒दे । त॒स्थ॒तुः॒ जा॒ग॒रूके॑ । उ॒त । स्वसा॑रा । यु॒व॒ती इति॑ । भव॑न्ती॒ इति॑ । आत् । ऊँ॒ इति॑ । ब्रु॒वा॒ते॒ इति॑ । मि॒थु॒नानि॑ । नाम॑ ॥
समान्या । वियुते इति वियुते । दूरेअन्ते इति दूरेअन्ते । ध्रुवे । पदे । तस्थतुः जागरूके । उत । स्वसारा । युवती इति । भवन्ती इति । आत् । ऊँ इति । ब्रुवाते इति । मिथुनानि । नाम ॥
samānyā | viyuteitivi-yute | dūreanteitidūre--ante | dhruve | pade | tasthatuḥ jāgarūke | uta | svasārā | yuvatī iti | bhavantī iti | āt | oṃ iti | bruvāteiti | mithunāni | nāma
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 3.54.7 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
[verb noun], nominative, dual
“spread.”
[noun], nominative, dual, neuter
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“certain; fixed; permanent; changeless; firm; safe; resident; immovable; fixed; fixed; vital; faithful.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“word; location; foot; footprint; pada [word]; verse; footstep; metrical foot; situation; dwelling; state; step; mark; position; trace; construction; animal foot; way; moment; social station; topographic point; path; residence; site; topic.”
[verb], dual, Perfect indicative
“stay; stand; situate; exist; [in]; resist; endure; put; soak; be; stop; adhere; get stale; concentrate; grow; trust; wake; consociate; last; dwell; lie; stand; stop.”
[noun], nominative, dual, neuter
[adverb]
“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”
[noun], nominative, dual, feminine
“sister; svasṛ [word].”
[noun], nominative, dual, feminine
“girl.”
[noun], nominative, dual, feminine
[adverb]
“then.”
[adverb]
“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”
[verb], dual, Present indikative
“say; tell; describe; speak; state; answer; call; explain; address; proclaim; talk; talk; choose.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“mated.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“name; appellation; nāman [word]; nāmakaraṇa; surname; noun; word.”