Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 3.53.17
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
स्थि॒रौ गावौ॑ भवतां वी॒ळुरक्षो॒ मेषा वि व॑र्हि॒ मा यु॒गं वि शा॑रि । इन्द्र॑: पात॒ल्ये॑ ददतां॒ शरी॑तो॒ररि॑ष्टनेमे अ॒भि न॑: सचस्व ॥
स्थिरौ गावौ भवतां वीळुरक्षो मेषा वि वर्हि मा युगं वि शारि । इन्द्रः पातल्ये ददतां शरीतोररिष्टनेमे अभि नः सचस्व ॥
sthirau gāvau bhavatāṃ vīḻur akṣo meṣā vi varhi mā yugaṃ vi śāri | indraḥ pātalye dadatāṃ śarītor ariṣṭaneme abhi naḥ sacasva ||
English translation:
“May the horse be steady, the axle be strong, the pole be not defective, the yoke not be rotten; may Indra preserve the two yoke-pins from decay; car with uninjured felloes, be ready for us.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
The horses: gāvau gaccheta iti gāvau aśvau: gāvā implies those who go, or, in this plural ce, horses; car be ready for us: Viśvāmitra being about to depart from the sacrifice of Sudās, invokes good fortune for his conveyance
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gopavana ātreyaḥ saptavadhrirvā [gopavana ātreya saptavadhrirvā];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): rathāṅgāni;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
स्थि॒रौ । गावौ॑ । भ॒व॒ता॒म् । वी॒ळुः । अक्षः॑ । मा । ई॒षा । वि । व॒र्हि॒ । मा । यु॒गम् । वि । शा॒रि॒ । इन्द्रः॑ । पा॒त॒ल्ये॒ इति॑ । द॒द॒ता॒म् । शरी॑तोः । अरि॑ष्टऽनेमे । अ॒भि । नः॒ । स॒च॒स्व॒ ॥
स्थिरौ । गावौ । भवताम् । वीळुः । अक्षः । मा । ईषा । वि । वर्हि । मा । युगम् । वि । शारि । इन्द्रः । पातल्ये इति । ददताम् । शरीतोः । अरिष्टनेमे । अभि । नः । सचस्व ॥
sthirau | gāvau | bhavatām | vīḷuḥ | akṣaḥ | mā | īṣā | vi | varhi | mā | yugam | vi | śāri | indraḥ | pātalye iti | dadatām | śarītoḥ | ariṣṭa-neme | abhi | naḥ | sacasva
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 3.53.17 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“firm; hard; lasting; calm; stable; immovable; firm; strong; sthira [word]; vegetable; potent; steadfast; durable; firm; trustworthy; trustworthy; diligent.”
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“hard; firm.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“axle.”
[adverb]
“not.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
[adverb]
“apart; away; away.”
[verb], singular, Aorist passive
“extract.”
[adverb]
“not.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“Yuga; yoke; couple; coevals; generation; lustrum; two; pair; yuga [word]; Yuga; race.”
[adverb]
“apart; away; away.”
[verb], singular, Aorist passive
“fall off; break; disintegrate; crush; break; fracture.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[noun], accusative, dual, neuter
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“give; add; perform; put; administer; fill into; give; ignite; put on; offer; use; fuel; pour; grant; feed; teach; construct; insert; drip; wrap; pay; hand over; lend; inflict; concentrate; sacrifice; splint; poultice; create.”
[verb noun]
“fall off; break; disintegrate; crush; break; fracture.”
[noun]
“safe; unharmed.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“rim; felloe.”
[adverb]
“towards; on.”
[noun], accusative, plural
“I; mine.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“accompany; follow; company; obey; participate; enter.”