Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 3.51.3

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

आ॒क॒रे वसो॑र्जरि॒ता प॑नस्यतेऽने॒हस॒: स्तुभ॒ इन्द्रो॑ दुवस्यति । वि॒वस्व॑त॒: सद॑न॒ आ हि पि॑प्रि॒ये स॑त्रा॒साह॑मभिमाति॒हनं॑ स्तुहि ॥
आकरे वसोर्जरिता पनस्यतेऽनेहसः स्तुभ इन्द्रो दुवस्यति । विवस्वतः सदन आ हि पिप्रिये सत्रासाहमभिमातिहनं स्तुहि ॥
ākare vasor jaritā panasyate 'nehasaḥ stubha indro duvasyati | vivasvataḥ sadana ā hi pipriye satrāsāham abhimātihanaṃ stuhi ||

English translation:

Indra, the enfeebler (of adversaries), is praised as a mine of wealth; he is propitiated by righteous commendations; he is gratified in the dwelling of the offerer of oblations; glorify Indra, the conqueror, the destroyer of his enemies.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

As a mine of wealth: ākare vasoḥ = he is praised to procure his aid in battle, which when successful, is the source of wealth or booty; ākīryate yuddhārtham dhanam atra ityākaro yuddhak, he is celebrated for the sake of war, for therein is wealth, therefore, ākara is the same as yuddha; or, vasoḥ jarayitā = weakener of the foe, vasu here meaning enemy

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gopavana ātreyaḥ saptavadhrirvā [gopavana ātreya saptavadhrirvā];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛjjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

आ॒ऽक॒रे । वसोः॑ । ज॒रि॒ता । प॒न॒स्य॒ते॒ । अ॒ने॒हसः॑ । स्तुभः॑ । इन्द्रः॑ । दु॒व॒स्य॒ति॒ । वि॒वस्व॑तः । सद॑ने । आ । हि । पि॒प्रि॒ये । स॒त्रा॒ऽसह॑म् । अ॒भि॒मा॒ति॒ऽहन॑म् । स्तु॒हि॒ ॥
आकरे । वसोः । जरिता । पनस्यते । अनेहसः । स्तुभः । इन्द्रः । दुवस्यति । विवस्वतः । सदने । आ । हि । पिप्रिये । सत्रासहम् । अभिमातिहनम् । स्तुहि ॥
ākare | vasoḥ | jaritā | panasyate | anehasaḥ | stubhaḥ | indraḥ | duvasyat i | vivasvataḥ | sadane | ā | hi | pipriye | satrāsaham | abhimāti-hanam | stuhi

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 3.51.3 English analysis of grammar]

ākare < ākara

[noun], locative, singular, masculine

“mine; group; aṅgārakoṣṭhī; source.”

vasor < vasoḥ < vasu

[noun], genitive, singular, neuter

“wealth; property; gold; vasu [word]; ruby; treasure; jewel.”

jaritā < jaritṛ

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“singer.”

panasyate < panasy

[verb], singular, Present indikative

'nehasa < an

[adverb]

“not.”

'nehasa < ehasaḥ < ehas

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

stubha < stubhaḥ < stubh

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

“song; praise.”

indro < indraḥ < indra

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

duvasyati < duvasy

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“worship.”

vivasvataḥ < vivasvant

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“Surya; sun; Vivasvant; Vivasvant.”

sadana < sadane < sadana

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“seat; weakness; inertness; dwelling; exhaustion; numbness; home; residence; seat; inanition; location.”

ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

hi

[adverb]

“because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”

pipriye < prī

[verb], singular, Perfect indicative

“delight; gladden; satisfy; nutrify; comfort.”

satrāsāham < satrāsāh

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

abhimātihanaṃ < abhimāti

[noun], feminine

“aggression; hostility.”

abhimātihanaṃ < hanam < han

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“killing; curative; destroying; removing; māraka; stabbing.”

stuhi < stu

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“laud; praise; declare; stu.”

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