Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 3.51.1

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

च॒र्ष॒णी॒धृतं॑ म॒घवा॑नमु॒क्थ्य१॒॑मिन्द्रं॒ गिरो॑ बृह॒तीर॒भ्य॑नूषत । वा॒वृ॒धा॒नं पु॑रुहू॒तं सु॑वृ॒क्तिभि॒रम॑र्त्यं॒ जर॑माणं दि॒वेदि॑वे ॥
चर्षणीधृतं मघवानमुक्थ्यमिन्द्रं गिरो बृहतीरभ्यनूषत । वावृधानं पुरुहूतं सुवृक्तिभिरमर्त्यं जरमाणं दिवेदिवे ॥
carṣaṇīdhṛtam maghavānam ukthyam indraṃ giro bṛhatīr abhy anūṣata | vāvṛdhānam puruhūtaṃ suvṛktibhir amartyaṃ jaramāṇaṃ dive-dive ||

English translation:

“Let abundant praises celebrate Indra, the stay of man, the possessor of opulence, the adorable, prospering with increase, the invoked of many, the immortal, who is daily to be propitiated with sacred hymns.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gopavana ātreyaḥ saptavadhrirvā [gopavana ātreya saptavadhrirvā];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛjjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

च॒र्ष॒णि॒ऽधृत॑म् । म॒घऽवा॑नम् । उ॒क्थ्य॑म् । इन्द्र॑म् । गिरः॑ । बृ॒ह॒तीः । अ॒भि । अ॒नू॒ष॒त॒ । व॒वृ॒ध॒नम् । पु॒रु॒ऽहू॒तम् । सु॒वृ॒क्तिऽभिः॑ । अम॑र्त्यम् । जर॑माणम् । दि॒वेऽदि॑वे ॥
चर्षणिधृतम् । मघवानम् । उक्थ्यम् । इन्द्रम् । गिरः । बृहतीः । अभि । अनूषत । ववृधनम् । पुरुहूतम् । सुवृक्तिभिः । अमर्त्यम् । जरमाणम् । दिवेदिवे ॥
carṣaṇi-dhṛtam | magha-vānam | ukthyam | indram | giraḥ | bṛhatīḥ | abhi | anūṣata | vavṛdhanam | puru-hūtam | suvṛkti-bhiḥ | amartyam | jaramāṇam | dive--dive

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 3.51.1 English analysis of grammar]

carṣaṇīdhṛtam < carṣaṇī

[noun], feminine

carṣaṇīdhṛtam < dhṛtam < dhṛt

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“maintaining.”

maghavānam < maghavan

[noun], accusative, singular

“Indra; maghavan [word].”

ukthyam < ukthya

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“applaudable.”

indraṃ < indram < indra

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

giro < giraḥ < gir

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

“hymn; praise; voice; words; invocation; command; statement; cry; language.”

bṛhatīr < bṛhatīḥ < bṛhatī

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

“Indian sunplant; Bṛhatī; bṛhatī; eggplant; Solanum xanthocarpum Schrad. et Wendl.; bṛhatī [word]; bṛhatī.”

abhy < abhī < abhi

[adverb]

“towards; on.”

anūṣata <

[verb], plural, Athematic s aor. (Ind.)

“praise; shout.”

vāvṛdhānam < vṛdh

[verb noun], accusative, singular

“increase; grow; vṛdh; increase; succeed; strengthen; grow up; spread.”

puruhūtaṃ < puruhūtam < puruhūta

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Indra; Vishnu.”

suvṛktibhir < suvṛktibhiḥ < suvṛkti

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“praise.”

amartyaṃ < amartyam < amartya

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“immortal.”

jaramāṇaṃ < jaramāṇam < jṛ

[verb noun], accusative, singular

“sing.”

dive < diva

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“day; sky; Svarga.”

dive < diva

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“day; sky; Svarga.”

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