Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 3.47.2
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
स॒जोषा॑ इन्द्र॒ सग॑णो म॒रुद्भि॒: सोमं॑ पिब वृत्र॒हा शू॑र वि॒द्वान् । ज॒हि शत्रूँ॒रप॒ मृधो॑ नुद॒स्वाथाभ॑यं कृणुहि वि॒श्वतो॑ नः ॥
सजोषा इन्द्र सगणो मरुद्भिः सोमं पिब वृत्रहा शूर विद्वान् । जहि शत्रूँरप मृधो नुदस्वाथाभयं कृणुहि विश्वतो नः ॥
sajoṣā indra sagaṇo marudbhiḥ somam piba vṛtrahā śūra vidvān | jahi śatrūm̐r apa mṛdho nudasvāthābhayaṃ kṛṇuhi viśvato naḥ ||
English translation:
“Indra, hero, rejoicing with and accompanied by the host of Maruts, drink the Soma, for you are the slayer of Vṛtra the sage; subdue our enemies, drive away the malevolent, make us safe on every side from peril.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Yajus. 7.37; drive away the malevolent: apanudasva mṛdhaḥ = drive away all those who are engaged in battle, i.e. enemies; or keep off from us battles;
Mṛdh = war, battle, saṅgrāma
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gopavana ātreyaḥ saptavadhrirvā [gopavana ātreya saptavadhrirvā];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
स॒ऽजोषाः॑ । इ॒न्द्र॒ । सऽग॑णः । म॒रुत्ऽभिः॑ । सोम॑म् । पि॒ब॒ । वृ॒त्र॒ऽहा । शू॒र॒ । वि॒द्वान् । ज॒हि । शत्रू॑न् । अप॑ । मृधः॑ । नु॒द॒स्व॒ । अथ॑ । अभ॑यम् । कृ॒णु॒हि॒ । वि॒श्वतः॑ । नः॒ ॥
सजोषाः । इन्द्र । सगणः । मरुत्भिः । सोमम् । पिब । वृत्रहा । शूर । विद्वान् । जहि । शत्रून् । अप । मृधः । नुदस्व । अथ । अभयम् । कृणुहि । विश्वतः । नः ॥
sa-joṣāḥ | indra | sa-gaṇaḥ | marut-bhiḥ | somam | piba | vṛtra-hā | śūra | vidvān | jahi | śatrūn | apa | mṛdhaḥ | nudasva | atha | abhayam | kṛṇuhi | viśvataḥ | naḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 3.47.2 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“consentaneous; combined; associated; united.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[adverb]
“with; little; together.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“group; varga; troop; troop; battalion; flock; herd; gaṇa [word]; corporation; gaṇa; herd; sect; swarm; set; party; gaṇa; series; Ganesa; flight.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
“Marut; vāta; wind; Vayu.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“drink; gulp; soak; drink; suck; inhale.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Indra.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“hero; cock; śūra; Śūra; Vatica robusta; Plumbago zeylanica; warrior; hero; attacker; lentil; wild boar; lion; dog.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“know; diagnose; perceive; know; accord; notice; deem; mind; learn; specify; watch; recognize; detect; call.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“kill; cure; māray; remove; destroy; hit; injure; damage; destroy; paralyze; hurt; forge; beat; cut off; stop; overwhelm; kick; hunt; affect; strike; hammer; love; obstruct; shoot.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“enemy; foe; enemy; Asura.”
[adverb]
“away.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“enemy; adversary.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“push; propel; expel; push; move.”
[adverb]
“now; then; furthermore; now; then.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“security; abhayamudrā; Abhaya.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[adverb]
“everywhere; around; about.”
[noun], dative, plural
“I; mine.”