Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 3.44.1
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अ॒यं ते॑ अस्तु हर्य॒तः सोम॒ आ हरि॑भिः सु॒तः । जु॒षा॒ण इ॑न्द्र॒ हरि॑भिर्न॒ आ ग॒ह्या ति॑ष्ठ॒ हरि॑तं॒ रथ॑म् ॥
अयं ते अस्तु हर्यतः सोम आ हरिभिः सुतः । जुषाण इन्द्र हरिभिर्न आ गह्या तिष्ठ हरितं रथम् ॥
ayaṃ te astu haryataḥ soma ā haribhiḥ sutaḥ | juṣāṇa indra haribhir na ā gahy ā tiṣṭha haritaṃ ratham ||
English translation:
“May this desirable and gratifying Soma expressed by the stones,by, Indra, for you ascend the verdant chariot, and with your tawny (steeds) come to us.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
The sūkta highlights the changes on the derivatives of the root hri, to take; the former sūkta used the root vṛṣ, shower. haryataḥ = taking, captivating, desirable; harit, the stone that bruises the Soma; Indra's horses in the dual or plural ral, are hari, harayaḥ;
Harit = green;
Haryaśvaḥ = he who has the horses called hari;
Haridhayasam = yellow-rayed;
Harivarpasam = green-coloured
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gopavana ātreyaḥ saptavadhrirvā [gopavana ātreya saptavadhrirvā];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛdbṛhatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अ॒यम् । ते॒ । अ॒स्तु॒ । ह॒र्य॒तः । सोमः॑ । आ । हरि॑ऽभिः । सु॒तः । जु॒षा॒णः । इ॒न्द्र॒ । हरि॑ऽभिः । नः॒ । आ । ग॒हि॒ । आ । ति॒ष्ठ॒ । हरि॑तम् । रथ॑म् ॥
अयम् । ते । अस्तु । हर्यतः । सोमः । आ । हरिभिः । सुतः । जुषाणः । इन्द्र । हरिभिः । नः । आ । गहि । आ । तिष्ठ । हरितम् । रथम् ॥
ayam | te | astu | haryataḥ | somaḥ | ā | hari-bhiḥ | sutaḥ | juṣāṇaḥ | indra | hari-bhiḥ | naḥ | ā | gahi | ā | tiṣṭha | haritam | ratham
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 3.44.1 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], dative, singular
“you.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“desirable; delightful.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
“reddish brown; yellow; pale; yellow; aureate.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“press out; su.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“enjoy; endow; possess; frequent; accompany; induce; consume; approve; affect; attend; befit; blend; contract.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
“Vishnu; monkey; Krishna; horse; lion; Indra; Hari; Surya; Hari; haritāla; Hari; snake; frog.”
[noun], accusative, plural
“I; mine.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[verb], singular, Aorist imperative
“go; situate; enter (a state); travel; disappear; [in]; elapse; leave; reach; vanish; love; walk; approach; issue; hop on; gasify; get; come; die; drain; spread; transform; happen; discharge; ride; to be located; run; detect; refer; go; shall; drive.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“stay; stand; situate; exist; [in]; resist; endure; put; soak; be; stop; adhere; get stale; concentrate; grow; trust; wake; consociate; last; dwell; lie; stand; stop.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“pale; green; bay; yellow.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”