Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 3.38.1
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अ॒भि तष्टे॑व दीधया मनी॒षामत्यो॒ न वा॒जी सु॒धुरो॒ जिहा॑नः । अ॒भि प्रि॒याणि॒ मर्मृ॑श॒त्परा॑णि क॒वीँरि॑च्छामि सं॒दृशे॑ सुमे॒धाः ॥
अभि तष्टेव दीधया मनीषामत्यो न वाजी सुधुरो जिहानः । अभि प्रियाणि मर्मृशत्पराणि कवीँरिच्छामि संदृशे सुमेधाः ॥
abhi taṣṭeva dīdhayā manīṣām atyo na vājī sudhuro jihānaḥ | abhi priyāṇi marmṛśat parāṇi kavīm̐r icchāmi saṃdṛśe sumedhāḥ ||
English translation:
“Repeat (to Indra) pious praise, as a carpenter (plural nes the wood), and engaging (zealously in sacred rites), as a quick horse bearing well his burden; endowed with intelligence, and refllecting upon the future acts acceptable (to Indra), I desire to behold the sages (whohave gone to heaven).”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
As a quick horse: the instrumental tutor of the rite is supposed here to address the officiating priests, urging them to be diligent laboureres, like the carpenter of the pack-horse; acts acceptable to Indra: abhipriyāṇi marmṛśat parāṇi kavīṇicchāmi sandṛśe: priyāṇi = indrasya priyatamāni;
Parāṇi = uttamāni, best and most dear to Indra;
Karmāṇi = acts; or, parāṇi = acts to be done on subsequent days, uttareśvahassu kriyamāṇāni;
Kavi = krāntadarśī a seer of the past;here, it is said to mean a holy person n who, for his assiduous devotion, has attained deification, yaḥ pūrvam anuṣṭhitayajñaiḥ devabhūyam agamat; so, ye vai tena ṛṣayaḥ purve pretās te vai kavayaḥ (Aitareya Brāhmaṇa 6.20)
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): prajāpatiḥ [prajāpati];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अ॒भि । तष्टा॑ऽइव । दी॒ध॒य॒ । म॒नी॒षाम् । अत्यः॑ । न । वा॒जी । सु॒ऽधुरः॑ । जिहा॑नः । अ॒भि । प्रि॒याणि॑ । मर्मृ॑शत् । परा॑णि । क॒वीन् । इ॒च्छा॒मि॒ । स॒म्ऽदृशे॑ । सु॒ऽमे॒धाः ॥
अभि । तष्टाइव । दीधय । मनीषाम् । अत्यः । न । वाजी । सुधुरः । जिहानः । अभि । प्रियाणि । मर्मृशत् । पराणि । कवीन् । इच्छामि । सम्दृशे । सुमेधाः ॥
abhi | taṣṭāiva | dīdhaya | manīṣām | atyaḥ | na | vājī | su-dhuraḥ | jihānaḥ | abh i | priyāṇi | marmṛśat | parāṇi | kavīn | icchāmi | sam-dṛśe | su-medhāḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 3.38.1 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“towards; on.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“carpenter.”
[adverb]
“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“think; desire; chew over.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“hymn; inspiration; idea; thinking; wish; consideration; intelligence.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“horse; steed.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“horse; bird; seven; hero; achiever; aphrodisiac.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“abandon; decrease; want; kill; deteriorate; get rid of; exclude; lose; avoid; remove; leave; abandon; neglect; leave; discard; apostatize; discontinue; weaken; abandon; assail; subtract; foreswear; pour away; withdraw; depart; reduce.”
[adverb]
“towards; on.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“beloved; pleasant; dear; fond(p); wanted; priya [word]; favorite; good; liked; suitable; proper.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“best; other; following; devoted(p); extreme; highest; otherwordly; better; hostile; maximal; distant; another(a); para [word]; upper; concluding; foreign; earlier; worse; longer; finest; excessive.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“poet; wise man; bard; Venus; Uśanas; kavi [word]; Kavi; prophet; guru; Brahma.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“desire; recommend; approve; seek; call; search; try; prefer; love; commend; assent; permit; choose.”
[verb noun]
“see; look; consider.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“wise.”