Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 3.33.11

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

यद॒ङ्ग त्वा॑ भर॒ताः सं॒तरे॑युर्ग॒व्यन्ग्राम॑ इषि॒त इन्द्र॑जूतः । अर्षा॒दह॑ प्रस॒वः सर्ग॑तक्त॒ आ वो॑ वृणे सुम॒तिं य॒ज्ञिया॑नाम् ॥
यदङ्ग त्वा भरताः संतरेयुर्गव्यन्ग्राम इषित इन्द्रजूतः । अर्षादह प्रसवः सर्गतक्त आ वो वृणे सुमतिं यज्ञियानाम् ॥
yad aṅga tvā bharatāḥ saṃtareyur gavyan grāma iṣita indrajūtaḥ | arṣād aha prasavaḥ sargatakta ā vo vṛṇe sumatiṃ yajñiyānām ||

English translation:

Viśvāmitra speaks: (Since), rivers, (you have allowed me to cross), so may the Bharatas pass over (your united stream); may the troop desiring to cross the water, permitted (by you), and impelled by Indra, pass; then let the course appinted for your going (be resumed); I have recourse to the favour of you who are worthy of adoration.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

The Bharatas: said to be the same lineage as Viśvāmitra's: bharakulajā madiyāḥ sarve; perhaps this means, those who were the bearers of Viśvāmitra's goods and chattels; Mahābhārata, Ādi Parva 5.3734 cites Vasiṣṭha as the family priest of the Bharatas

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gopavana ātreyaḥ saptavadhrirvā [gopavana ātreya saptavadhrirvā];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): nadyaḥ ;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

यत् । अ॒ङ्ग । त्वा॒ । भ॒र॒ताः । स॒म्ऽतरे॑युः । ग॒व्यन् । ग्रामः॑ । इ॒षि॒तः । इन्द्र॑ऽजूतः । अर्षा॑त् । अह॑ । प्र॒ऽस॒वः । सर्ग॑ऽतक्तः । आ । वः॒ । वृ॒णे॒ । सु॒ऽम॒तिम् । य॒ज्ञिया॑नाम् ॥
यत् । अङ्ग । त्वा । भरताः । सम्तरेयुः । गव्यन् । ग्रामः । इषितः । इन्द्रजूतः । अर्षात् । अह । प्रसवः । सर्गतक्तः । आ । वः । वृणे । सुमतिम् । यज्ञियानाम् ॥
yat | aṅga | tvā | bharatāḥ | sam-tareyuḥ | gavyan | grāmaḥ | iṣitaḥ | indra-jūtaḥ | arṣāt | aha | pra-savaḥ | sarga-taktaḥ | ā | vaḥ | vṛṇe | su-matim | yajñiyānām

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 3.33.11 English analysis of grammar]

yad < yat

[adverb]

“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

aṅga

[adverb]

“in truth; aṅga [word]; entirely; merely.”

tvā < tvad

[noun], accusative, singular

“you.”

bharatāḥ < bharata

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“Bharata; Bharata; Bhārata; Bharata; Bharata; actor.”

saṃtareyur < saṃtareyuḥ < saṃtṛ < √tṛ

[verb], plural, Present optative

“traverse.”

gavyan < gavyat

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

grāma < grāmaḥ < grāma

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“village; grāma [word]; group; battalion; club; Hindu gamut; troop; multitude; crowd; kin; collection; people.”

iṣita < iṣitaḥ < iṣay < √iṣ

[verb noun], nominative, singular

indrajūtaḥ < indra

[noun], masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

indrajūtaḥ < jūtaḥ <

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“animate; encourage; impel; inspire.”

arṣād < _ < √_

[?]

“_”

aha

[adverb]

“aha [word]; indeed.”

prasavaḥ < prasava

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“stimulation.”

sargatakta < sarga

[noun], masculine

“Creation; metempsychosis; discharge; torrent; birth; undertaking.”

sargatakta < taktaḥ < tak

[verb noun], nominative, singular

ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

vo < vaḥ < tvad

[noun], accusative, plural

“you.”

vṛṇe < vṛ

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“choose; ask.”

sumatiṃ < sumatim < sumati

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“benevolence; favor; Sumati.”

yajñiyānām < yajñiya

[noun], genitive, plural, feminine

“sacrificial; divine; devoted.”

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