Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 3.31.6
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
वि॒दद्यदी॑ स॒रमा॑ रु॒ग्णमद्रे॒र्महि॒ पाथ॑: पू॒र्व्यं स॒ध्र्य॑क्कः । अग्रं॑ नयत्सु॒पद्यक्ष॑राणा॒मच्छा॒ रवं॑ प्रथ॒मा जा॑न॒ती गा॑त् ॥
विदद्यदी सरमा रुग्णमद्रेर्महि पाथः पूर्व्यं सध्र्यक्कः । अग्रं नयत्सुपद्यक्षराणामच्छा रवं प्रथमा जानती गात् ॥
vidad yadī saramā rugṇam adrer mahi pāthaḥ pūrvyaṃ sadhryak kaḥ | agraṃ nayat supady akṣarāṇām acchā ravam prathamā jānatī gāt ||
English translation:
“When Saramā discovered the broken (entrance) of the mountain, then Indra made great and ample (provision) for her young, as previously (promised); then the sure-footed (animal), forest recognizing their lowing, proceeded, and came to the presence of the imperishable kine.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Yajus. 33.59;
Saramā = vāk, speech, that in which the gods saharamante, delight together
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gāthino viśvāmitraḥ, aiṣīrathīḥ kuśiko vā [gāthina viśvāmitra, aiṣīrathīḥ kuśika vā];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): bhurikpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
वि॒दत् । यदि॑ । स॒रमा॑ । रु॒ग्णम् । अद्रेः॑ । महि॑ । पाथः॑ । पू॒र्व्यम् । स॒ध्र्य॑क् । क॒रिति॑ कः । अग्र॑म् । न॒य॒त् । सु॒ऽपदी॑ । अक्ष॑राणाम् । अच्छ॑ । रव॑म् । प्र॒थ॒मा । जा॒न॒ती । गा॒त् ॥
विदत् । यदि । सरमा । रुग्णम् । अद्रेः । महि । पाथः । पूर्व्यम् । सध्र्यक् । करिति कः । अग्रम् । नयत् । सुपदी । अक्षराणाम् । अच्छ । रवम् । प्रथमा । जानती । गात् ॥
vidat | yadi | saramā | rugṇam | adreḥ | mahi | pāthaḥ | pūrvyam | sadhryak | kariti kaḥ | agram | nayat | su-padī | akṣarāṇām | accha | ravam | prathamā | jānatī | gāt
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 3.31.6 English analysis of grammar]
[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
“find; detect; marry; get; think.”
[adverb]
“if; in case.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“Saramā.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“mountain; rock; seven; stone; adri; grindstone; adri; rock.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“great; firm.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“pāthas [word]; water; place.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“first; precedent; age-old; excellent; former(a).”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“tip; beginning; peak; end; front; top; beginning; battlefront; agra [word]; acme; fingertip; top; best; optimum; climax; matter; glans.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“bring; lead; spend; decant; enter (a state); remove; take out; take away; enforce; marry; carry; fill into; bring; learn; go out; add.”
[adverb]
“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[noun], genitive, plural, masculine
“imperishable.”
[adverb]
“towards; accha [prefix].”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“sound; howl; thunder; cry; talk; cry.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“first; prathama [word]; third; young; chief(a); best; antecedent.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“know; diagnose; perceive; know; come to know; notice; determine; think of; find; learn; perceive; identify; recognize; understand; know; learn; ascertain; detect; deem.”
[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
“go; enter (a state); arrive.”