Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 3.31.5
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
वी॒ळौ स॒तीर॒भि धीरा॑ अतृन्दन्प्रा॒चाहि॑न्व॒न्मन॑सा स॒प्त विप्रा॑: । विश्वा॑मविन्दन्प॒थ्या॑मृ॒तस्य॑ प्रजा॒नन्नित्ता नम॒सा वि॑वेश ॥
वीळौ सतीरभि धीरा अतृन्दन्प्राचाहिन्वन्मनसा सप्त विप्राः । विश्वामविन्दन्पथ्यामृतस्य प्रजानन्नित्ता नमसा विवेश ॥
vīḻau satīr abhi dhīrā atṛndan prācāhinvan manasā sapta viprāḥ | viśvām avindan pathyām ṛtasya prajānann it tā namasā viveśa ||
English translation:
“The seven intelligent ages (the aṅgirasas) having ascertained that (the cows) were concealed in the strong (cavern), propitiated (Indra) by mental devotion; they recovered them all by the path of sacrifice; for Indra, knowing (their pious acts), and offering them homage, entered (the cave).”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gāthino viśvāmitraḥ, aiṣīrathīḥ kuśiko vā [gāthina viśvāmitra, aiṣīrathīḥ kuśika vā];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
वी॒ळौ । स॒तीः । अ॒भि । धीराः॑ । अ॒तृ॒न्द॒न् । प्रा॒चा । अ॒हि॒न्व॒न् । मन॑सा । स॒प्त । विप्राः॑ । विश्वा॑म् । अ॒वि॒न्द॒न् । प॒थ्या॑म् । ऋ॒तस्य॑ । प्र॒ऽजा॒नन् । इत् । ता । न॒म॒सा । वि॒वे॒श॒ ॥
वीळौ । सतीः । अभि । धीराः । अतृन्दन् । प्राचा । अहिन्वन् । मनसा । सप्त । विप्राः । विश्वाम् । अविन्दन् । पथ्याम् । ऋतस्य । प्रजानन् । इत् । ता । नमसा । विवेश ॥
vīḷau | satīḥ | abhi | dhīrāḥ | atṛndan | prācā | ahinvan | manasā | sapta | viprāḥ | viśvām | avindan | pathyām | ṛtasya | pra-jānan | it | tā | namasā | viveśa
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 3.31.5 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“hard; firm.”
[verb noun], accusative, plural
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[adverb]
“towards; on.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“expert; wise; intelligent; versed; adept.”
[verb], plural, Imperfect
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“eastern; aforesaid(a); former(a); eastbound; easterly; anterior; forward; prāñc [word].”
[verb], plural, Imperfect
“impel; send; spur; stimulate; urge.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“mind; Manas; purpose; idea; attention; heart; decision; manas [word]; manas [indecl.]; spirit; temper; intelligence.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“seven; seventh.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“Brahmin; poet; singer; priest; guru; Vipra.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”
[verb], plural, Imperfect
“find; detect; marry; get; think.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“Terminalia chebula Retz.; path; Pathyā; way.”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“truth; order; fixed order; ṛta [word]; law; custom; custom.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“know; perceive; understand; detect.”
[adverb]
“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“adoration; court; namas [word]; bow; salute.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“enter; penetrate; settle; settle.”