Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 3.30.12
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
दिश॒: सूर्यो॒ न मि॑नाति॒ प्रदि॑ष्टा दि॒वेदि॑वे॒ हर्य॑श्वप्रसूताः । सं यदान॒ळध्व॑न॒ आदिदश्वै॑र्वि॒मोच॑नं कृणुते॒ तत्त्व॑स्य ॥
दिशः सूर्यो न मिनाति प्रदिष्टा दिवेदिवे हर्यश्वप्रसूताः । सं यदानळध्वन आदिदश्वैर्विमोचनं कृणुते तत्त्वस्य ॥
diśaḥ sūryo na mināti pradiṣṭā dive-dive haryaśvaprasūtāḥ | saṃ yad ānaḻ adhvana ād id aśvair vimocanaṃ kṛṇute tat tv asya ||
English translation:
“Sūrya harms not the quarters (of the horizon), set open daily (for his journey), the progeny of Haryaśva; when he has traversed the roads (he is to travel), then he lets loose his horses, for such is his office.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Harms not the quarters: diśaḥ sūryo na mināti na hiṃsati = he does not injure;
Haryaśva = Indra, or he with the tawny horses
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gopavana ātreyaḥ saptavadhrirvā [gopavana ātreya saptavadhrirvā];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
दिशः॑ । सूर्यः॑ । न । मि॒ना॒ति॒ । प्रऽदि॑ष्टाः । दि॒वेऽदि॑वे । हर्य॑श्वऽप्रसूताः । सम् । यत् । आन॑ट् । अध्व॑नः । आत् । इत् । अश्वैः॑ । वि॒ऽमोच॑नम् । कृ॒णु॒ते॒ । तत् । तु । अ॒स्य॒ ॥
दिशः । सूर्यः । न । मिनाति । प्रदिष्टाः । दिवेदिवे । हर्यश्वप्रसूताः । सम् । यत् । आनट् । अध्वनः । आत् । इत् । अश्वैः । विमोचनम् । कृणुते । तत् । तु । अस्य ॥
diśaḥ | sūryaḥ | na | mināti | pra-diṣṭāḥ | dive--dive | haryaśva-prasūtāḥ | sam | yat | ānaṭ | adhvanaḥ | āt | it | aśvaiḥ | vi-mocanam | kṛṇute | tat | tu | asya
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 3.30.12 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“quarter; direction; region; diś [word]; Aṣṭādhyāyī, 5.3.27; distant region; Diś; four; example; method; space.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“sun; Surya; sūrya [word]; right nostril; twelve; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sūryakānta; sunlight; best.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“transgress; damage.”
[verb noun], accusative, plural
“describe; indicate; name; teach; diagnose.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“day; sky; Svarga.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“day; sky; Svarga.”
[noun], masculine
“Indra; Haryaśva.”
[verb noun], accusative, plural
“give birth; be born; originate; impel; propel; grow.”
[adverb]
“sam; together; together; saṃ.”
[adverb]
“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)
“reach; achieve; enter (a state); reach.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“way; journey; adhvan [word]; time; path; method; road; time; distance.”
[adverb]
“then.”
[adverb]
“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
“horse; aśva [word]; Aśva; stallion.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[adverb]
“now; then; but; and; now; however; then; then; surely.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”