Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 3.30.8
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
स॒हदा॑नुं पुरुहूत क्षि॒यन्त॑मह॒स्तमि॑न्द्र॒ सं पि॑ण॒क्कुणा॑रुम् । अ॒भि वृ॒त्रं वर्ध॑मानं॒ पिया॑रुम॒पाद॑मिन्द्र त॒वसा॑ जघन्थ ॥
सहदानुं पुरुहूत क्षियन्तमहस्तमिन्द्र सं पिणक्कुणारुम् । अभि वृत्रं वर्धमानं पियारुमपादमिन्द्र तवसा जघन्थ ॥
sahadānum puruhūta kṣiyantam ahastam indra sam piṇak kuṇārum | abhi vṛtraṃ vardhamānam piyārum apādam indra tavasā jaghantha ||
English translation:
“Indra, who is invoked by many, grind to dust the reviling malevolent Vṛtra opposing you, dwelling with the mother of the Dānavas, and increasing in might, until having deprived him of hand and foot, you have destroyed him by your strength.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Yajus. 18.69; having deprived him of hand: sahadānum kṣiyantam sampiṇak kuṇārum: the allegory is the destruction of the cloud; or, it may mean, united with the dānavas;
Sahau = sahas, strength;
Kṣiyantam = badhamānam, rain opposing; or, nikaṭavartamānam, being near to;
Kuṇāru = either a proper name of an asura, a noisy one, kvaṇanaśīlam, or evil speaking, durvacavadanam; or, parikavaṇana, loud-sounding; anothe rinterpretation: crush the increasing cloud shedding water, sahadānum udakadānapetam; abiding in the sky, kṣiyantam ākāśe nivasantam; and thundering, kuṇārum = garjantam
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gopavana ātreyaḥ saptavadhrirvā [gopavana ātreya saptavadhrirvā];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
स॒हऽदा॑नुम् । पु॒रु॒ऽहू॒त॒ । क्षि॒यन्त॑म् । अ॒ह॒स्तम् । इ॒न्द्र॒ । सम् । पि॒ण॒क् । कुणा॑रुम् । अ॒भि । वृ॒त्रम् । वर्ध॑मानम् । पिया॑रुम् । अ॒पाद॑म् । इ॒न्द्र॒ । त॒वसा॑ । ज॒घ॒न्थ॒ ॥
सहदानुम् । पुरुहूत । क्षियन्तम् । अहस्तम् । इन्द्र । सम् । पिणक् । कुणारुम् । अभि । वृत्रम् । वर्धमानम् । पियारुम् । अपादम् । इन्द्र । तवसा । जघन्थ ॥
saha-dānum | puru-hūta | kṣiyantam | ahastam | indra | sam | piṇak | kuṇārum | abhi | vṛtram | vardhamānam | piyārum | apādam | indra | tavasā | jaghantha
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 3.30.8 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“together; together; with; jointly; together; saha [word]; along.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Dānu; dew; drop.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Indra; Vishnu.”
[verb noun], accusative, singular
“govern; inhabit; dwell; stay; predominate; bide; own.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“handless.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[adverb]
“sam; together; together; saṃ.”
[verb], singular, Present injunctive
“grind; knead; paste; crush; press out.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
[adverb]
“towards; on.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Vṛtra; vṛtra [word].”
[verb noun], accusative, singular
“increase; grow; vṛdh; increase; succeed; strengthen; grow up; spread.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“unfriendly.”
[adverb]
“not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“foot; one-fourth; beam; pāda; foot; foundation; pāda [word]; leg; leg; animal foot; step; foot; footfall; verse.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“kill; cure; māray; remove; destroy; hit; injure; damage; destroy; paralyze; hurt; forge; beat; cut off; stop; overwhelm; kick; hunt; affect; strike; hammer; love; obstruct; shoot.”