Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 3.30.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
त्वं हि ष्मा॑ च्या॒वय॒न्नच्यु॑ता॒न्येको॑ वृ॒त्रा चर॑सि॒ जिघ्न॑मानः । तव॒ द्यावा॑पृथि॒वी पर्व॑ता॒सोऽनु॑ व्र॒ताय॒ निमि॑तेव तस्थुः ॥
त्वं हि ष्मा च्यावयन्नच्युतान्येको वृत्रा चरसि जिघ्नमानः । तव द्यावापृथिवी पर्वतासोऽनु व्रताय निमितेव तस्थुः ॥
tvaṃ hi ṣmā cyāvayann acyutāny eko vṛtrā carasi jighnamānaḥ | tava dyāvāpṛthivī parvatāso 'nu vratāya nimiteva tasthuḥ ||
English translation:
“You alone casting down the firmly-footed (asuras) proceed, destroying the Vṛtras, and obedient to your command the heaven and earth and the mountains stood as if immoveable.”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gopavana ātreyaḥ saptavadhrirvā [gopavana ātreya saptavadhrirvā];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): bhurikpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
त्वम् । हि । स्म॒ । च्या॒वय॑न् । अच्यु॑तानि । एकः॑ । वृ॒त्रा । चर॑सि । जिघ्न॑मानः । तव॑ । द्यावा॑पृथि॒वी इति॑ । पर्व॑ता॒सः । अनु॑ । व्र॒ताय॑ । निमि॑ताऽइव । त॒स्थुः॒ ॥
त्वम् । हि । स्म । च्यावयन् । अच्युतानि । एकः । वृत्रा । चरसि । जिघ्नमानः । तव । द्यावापृथिवी इति । पर्वतासः । अनु । व्रताय । निमिताइव । तस्थुः ॥
tvam | hi | sma | cyāvayan | acyutāni | ekaḥ | vṛtrā | carasi | jighnamānaḥ | tava | dyāvāpṛthivī iti | parvatāsaḥ | anu | vratāya | nimitāiva | tasthuḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 3.30.4 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular
“you.”
[adverb]
“because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”
[adverb]
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“chase away; remove; move.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“firm; regular; permanent; immovable; unchanging.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“one; single(a); alone(p); some(a); single(a); eka [word]; alone(p); excellent; each(a); some(a); one; same; alone(p); some(a); consistent; any(a); undifferentiated; disjunct.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“enemy.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“car; wander; perform; travel; bore; produce; make; dwell; dig; act; observe; enter (a state); observe; cause; crop; behave; practice; heed; process; administer.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“kill; cure; māray; remove; destroy; hit; injure; damage; destroy; paralyze; hurt; forge; beat; cut off; stop; overwhelm; kick; hunt; affect; strike; hammer; love; obstruct; shoot.”
[noun], genitive, singular
“you.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“heaven and earth; dyāvāpṛthivī [word].”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“mountain; Parvata; parvata [word]; Parvata; Parvata; rock; height.”
[adverb]
“subsequently; behind; along; towards; because.”
[noun], dative, singular, neuter
“vrata (vote); commandment; law; oath; command; rule; custom; vrata [word]; rule; behavior.”
[verb noun], nominative, plural
“adjust.”
[adverb]
“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”
[verb], plural, Perfect indicative
“stay; stand; situate; exist; [in]; resist; endure; put; soak; be; stop; adhere; get stale; concentrate; grow; trust; wake; consociate; last; dwell; lie; stand; stop.”