Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 3.27.1

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

प्र वो॒ वाजा॑ अ॒भिद्य॑वो ह॒विष्म॑न्तो घृ॒ताच्या॑ । दे॒वाञ्जि॑गाति सुम्न॒युः ॥
प्र वो वाजा अभिद्यवो हविष्मन्तो घृताच्या । देवाञ्जिगाति सुम्नयुः ॥
pra vo vājā abhidyavo haviṣmanto ghṛtācyā | devāñ jigāti sumnayuḥ ||

English translation:

“The months, the half months, (the gods) who are the receivers of oblations, with the butter-yielding kine, preside over your rite; the sacrificer, desirous of prosperity, worships the gods.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

The months: pra vo vājā abhidyavo haviṣmanto ghṛtācyā: vājā = māsāḥ, months;

Abhīdyavaḥ = arddha māsāḥ, half months;

Haviṣmanta = having the havis. or oblation of butter; an epithet of devāḥ, gods (Taittirīya Samhitā 2.5.7.4); also explaiend by paśvaḥ, animals yielding milk, of which havis. ismade;

Ghṛtāci = gau; another meaning is, sruk, a ladle; pra implies prabhavanti, all these preside over your sacrificing

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): viśvāmitraḥ [viśvāmitra];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): ṛtavo'gnirvā ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛdgāyatrī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

प्र । वः॒ । वाजाः॑ । अ॒भिऽद्य॑वः । ह॒विष्म॑न्तः । घृ॒ताच्या॑ । दे॒वान् । जि॒गा॒ति॒ । सु॒म्न॒युः ॥
प्र । वः । वाजाः । अभिद्यवः । हविष्मन्तः । घृताच्या । देवान् । जिगाति । सुम्नयुः ॥
pra | vaḥ | vājāḥ | abhi-dyavaḥ | haviṣmantaḥ | ghṛtācyā | devān | jigāti | sumnayuḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 3.27.1 English analysis of grammar]

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

vo < vaḥ < tvad

[noun], genitive, plural

“you.”

vājā < vājāḥ < vāja

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“prize; Vāja; reward; reward; Ribhus; vigor; strength; contest.”

abhidyavo < abhidyavaḥ < abhidyu

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“celestial; brilliant.”

haviṣmanto < haviṣmantaḥ < haviṣmat

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“sacrificing.”

ghṛtācyā < ghṛtācī

[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine

“Ghṛtācī.”

devāñ < devān < deva

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

jigāti <

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“go; enter (a state); arrive.”

sumnayuḥ < sumnayu

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

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