Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 3.23.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
नि त्वा॑ दधे॒ वर॒ आ पृ॑थि॒व्या इळा॑यास्प॒दे सु॑दिन॒त्वे अह्ना॑म् । दृ॒षद्व॑त्यां॒ मानु॑ष आप॒यायां॒ सर॑स्वत्यां रे॒वद॑ग्ने दिदीहि ॥
नि त्वा दधे वर आ पृथिव्या इळायास्पदे सुदिनत्वे अह्नाम् । दृषद्वत्यां मानुष आपयायां सरस्वत्यां रेवदग्ने दिदीहि ॥
ni tvā dadhe vara ā pṛthivyā iḻāyās pade sudinatve ahnām | dṛṣadvatyām mānuṣa āpayāyāṃ sarasvatyāṃ revad agne didīhi ||
English translation:
“I plural ce you in an excellent spot of earth on an auspicious day of days; do you, Agni, shine on the frequent (banks) of the Dṛṣadvati, Āpayā and Sarasvatī rivers.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
In an excellent spot of earth: pṛthivyā iḷāyaspade, in the footmark of the earth in the form of a cow; i.e. on the northern altar; frequented banks: mānuṣe, relating to man or to Manu; implies, manuṣyasaṃcaraṇaviṣaye tīre, on a bank, a plural ce frequented by men; the Dṛṣadvatī and Sarasvatī rivers are well known (ṛṣayo vai sarasvatyām satramāsata : Aitareya Brāhmaṇa 2.19)
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): devaśravā devavātaśca bhāratī;Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
नि । त्वा॒ । द॒धे॒ । वरे॑ । आ । पृ॒थि॒व्याः । इळा॑याः । प॒दे । सु॒ऽदि॒न॒ऽत्वे । अह्ना॑म् । दृ॒षत्ऽव॑त्याम् । मानु॑षे । आ॒प॒याया॑म् । सर॑स्वत्याम् । रे॒वत् । अ॒ग्ने॒ । दि॒दी॒हि॒ ॥
नि । त्वा । दधे । वरे । आ । पृथिव्याः । इळायाः । पदे । सुदिनत्वे । अह्नाम् । दृषत्वत्याम् । मानुषे । आपयायाम् । सरस्वत्याम् । रेवत् । अग्ने । दिदीहि ॥
ni | tvā | dadhe | vare | ā | pṛthivyāḥ | iḷāyāḥ | pade | su-dina-tve | ahnām | dṛṣat-vatyām | mānuṣe | āpayāyām | sarasvatyām | revat | agne | didīhi
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 3.23.4 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“back; down.”
[noun], accusative, singular
“you.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“best; excellent; better; choice; optimum; maximal.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[noun], genitive, singular, feminine
“Earth; pṛthivī; floor; Earth; earth; pṛthivī [word]; land.”
[noun], genitive, singular, feminine
“refreshment; iḍā [word]; comfort; cow.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“word; location; foot; footprint; pada [word]; verse; footstep; metrical foot; situation; dwelling; state; step; mark; position; trace; construction; animal foot; way; moment; social station; topographic point; path; residence; site; topic.”
[adverb]
“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
[noun], neuter
“day; day; day of the week; one.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“state; quality; cause; reason.”
[noun], genitive, plural, neuter
“day; day; ahar [word]; day; day.”
[noun], locative, singular, feminine
“Durga; Dṛṣadvatī; Dṛṣadvatī.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“Mānuṣa.”
[noun], locative, singular, feminine
[noun], locative, singular, feminine
“Sarasvati; Sarasvatī; language; voice; speech; eloquence; balloon vine; river.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“abundant; rich; affluent; brilliant; brilliant.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“shine; glitter.”