Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 3.16.2

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

इ॒मं न॑रो मरुतः सश्चता॒ वृधं॒ यस्मि॒न्राय॒: शेवृ॑धासः । अ॒भि ये सन्ति॒ पृत॑नासु दू॒ढ्यो॑ वि॒श्वाहा॒ शत्रु॑माद॒भुः ॥
इमं नरो मरुतः सश्चता वृधं यस्मिन्रायः शेवृधासः । अभि ये सन्ति पृतनासु दूढ्यो विश्वाहा शत्रुमादभुः ॥
imaṃ naro marutaḥ saścatā vṛdhaṃ yasmin rāyaḥ śevṛdhāsaḥ | abhi ye santi pṛtanāsu dūḍhyo viśvāhā śatrum ādabhuḥ ||

English translation:

Maruts, leaders (of rites), associate with this augmenter (of our prosperity), in whom (abide) riches contributing to felicity, you who (are victorious) over (your) enemies in battle, who daily humble (your) foes.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): utkīlaḥ kātyaḥ [utkīla kātya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛtpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

इ॒मम् । न॒रः॒ । म॒रु॒तः॒ । स॒श्च॒त॒ । वृध॑म् । यस्मि॑न् । रायः॑ । शेऽवृ॑धासः । अ॒भि । ये । सन्ति॑ । पृत॑नासु । दुः॒ऽध्यः॑ । वि॒श्वाहा॑ । शत्रु॑म् । आ॒ऽद॒भुः ॥
इमम् । नरः । मरुतः । सश्चत । वृधम् । यस्मिन् । रायः । शेवृधासः । अभि । ये । सन्ति । पृतनासु । दुःध्यः । विश्वाहा । शत्रुम् । आदभुः ॥
imam | naraḥ | marutaḥ | saścata | vṛdham | yasmin | rāyaḥ | śe--vṛdhāsaḥ | abhi | ye | santi | pṛtanāsu | duḥ-dhyaḥ | viśvāhā | śatrum | ādabhuḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 3.16.2 English analysis of grammar]

imaṃ < imam < idam

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

naro < naraḥ < nṛ

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”

marutaḥ < marut

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“Marut; vāta; wind; Vayu.”

saścatā < sac

[verb], plural, Present injunctive

“accompany; follow; company; obey; participate; enter.”

vṛdhaṃ < vṛdham < vṛdh

[verb noun]

“increase; grow; vṛdh; increase; succeed; strengthen; grow up; spread.”

yasmin < yad

[noun], locative, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

rāyaḥ < rai

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“wealth; possession; rai [word]; gold.”

śevṛdhāsaḥ < śevṛdha

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“precious.”

abhi

[adverb]

“towards; on.”

ye < yad

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

santi < as

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”

pṛtanāsu < pṛtanā

[noun], locative, plural, feminine

“army; battle; pṛtanā [word]; pṛtanā.”

dūḍhyo < dūḍhyaḥ < dūḍhī

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“malevolent.”

viśvāhā

[adverb]

“always.”

śatrum < śatru

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“enemy; foe; enemy; Asura.”

ādabhuḥ < ādabh < √dabh

[verb], plural, Root aorist (Ind.)

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