Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 3.5.9
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
उदु॑ ष्टु॒तः स॒मिधा॑ य॒ह्वो अ॑द्यौ॒द्वर्ष्म॑न्दि॒वो अधि॒ नाभा॑ पृथि॒व्याः । मि॒त्रो अ॒ग्निरीड्यो॑ मात॒रिश्वा दू॒तो व॑क्षद्य॒जथा॑य दे॒वान् ॥
उदु ष्टुतः समिधा यह्वो अद्यौद्वर्ष्मन्दिवो अधि नाभा पृथिव्याः । मित्रो अग्निरीड्यो मातरिश्वा दूतो वक्षद्यजथाय देवान् ॥
ud u ṣṭutaḥ samidhā yahvo adyaud varṣman divo adhi nābhā pṛthivyāḥ | mitro agnir īḍyo mātariśvā dūto vakṣad yajathāya devān ||
English translation:
“Praised and (nourished) by fuel, the mighty Agni, stationed on the (altar the) navel of the earth, in the form of the firmament, has shone (brightly); may the friendly and adorable Agni who respires in the mid-heaven, the messenger (of the gods), bring them to the sacrifice.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Who respires in the mid-heaven: mātariśvan: mātari, antarikṣe; śvasiti, sūrya rūpeṇa ceṣṭate, who breathes in mid-heaven, or acts in the form of the sun; or, mātari may imply arṇye, in a forest, he who abides in the woods (Nirukta 7.26); also, mātariśvan = the wind, as in the next hymn
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gāthino viśvāmitraḥ [gāthina viśvāmitra];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
उत् । ऊ॒आ॑म् इति॑ । स्तु॒तः । स॒म्ऽइधा॑ । य॒ह्वः । अ॒द्यौ॒त् । वर्ष्म॑न् । दि॒वः । अधि॑ । नाभा॑ । पृ॒थि॒व्याः । मि॒त्रः । अ॒ग्निः । ईड्यः॑ । मा॒त॒रिश्वा॑ । आ । दू॒तः । व॒क्ष॒त् । य॒जथा॑य । दे॒वान् ॥
उत् । ऊआम् इति । स्तुतः । सम्इधा । यह्वः । अद्यौत् । वर्ष्मन् । दिवः । अधि । नाभा । पृथिव्याः । मित्रः । अग्निः । ईड्यः । मातरिश्वा । आ । दूतः । वक्षत् । यजथाय । देवान् ॥
ut | ūām iti | stutaḥ | sam-idhā | yahvaḥ | adyaut | varṣman | divaḥ | adhi | nābhā | pṛthivyāḥ | mitraḥ | agniḥ | īḍyaḥ | mātariśvā | ā | dūtaḥ | vakṣat | yajathāya | devān
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 3.5.9 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“up.”
[adverb]
“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“laud; praise; declare; stu.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
“firewood; kindling; fuel; fire.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“youngest; youthful; active.”
[verb], singular, Athematic s aor. (Ind.)
“shine; inflame.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“height; peak; enormousness.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”
[adverb]
“on; from; accordingly.”
[noun], locative, singular, feminine
“navel; hub; kinship; beginning; origin; umbilical cord; nābhi [word]; friendship; center.”
[noun], genitive, singular, feminine
“Earth; pṛthivī; floor; Earth; earth; pṛthivī [word]; land.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“friend; Mitra; mitra [word]; sun; ally.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“praise; invite; raise.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“wind; Mātariśvan; Vayu; vāta.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“messenger; emissary; dūta [word].”
[verb], singular, Aorist conj./subj.
“transport; bring; marry; run; drive; vāhay; drive; run; pull; nirvāpay; blow; transport; discharge; assume; remove.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“yajña.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”