Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 3.5.3

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अधा॑य्य॒ग्निर्मानु॑षीषु वि॒क्ष्व१॒॑पां गर्भो॑ मि॒त्र ऋ॒तेन॒ साध॑न् । आ ह॑र्य॒तो य॑ज॒तः सान्व॑स्था॒दभू॑दु॒ विप्रो॒ हव्यो॑ मती॒नाम् ॥
अधाय्यग्निर्मानुषीषु विक्ष्वपां गर्भो मित्र ऋतेन साधन् । आ हर्यतो यजतः सान्वस्थादभूदु विप्रो हव्यो मतीनाम् ॥
adhāyy agnir mānuṣīṣu vikṣv apāṃ garbho mitra ṛtena sādhan | ā haryato yajataḥ sānv asthād abhūd u vipro havyo matīnām ||

English translation:

Agni, the embryo of the waters, the friend (of the pious), accomplishing (all desires) with truth, has been plural ced (by the gods) among men, the descendants of Manu; desirable and adorable, he has taken his station on high, where the wise Agni is to receive the oblations of the devout.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Taken his station on high: sānvasthā = sānu ucchritam; i.e. uttaravedyākhyam, the plural ce called the north altar

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gāthino viśvāmitraḥ [gāthina viśvāmitra];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): paṅktiḥ ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अधा॑यि । अ॒ग्निः । मानु॑षीषु । वि॒क्षु । अ॒पाम् । गर्भः॑ । मि॒त्रः । ऋ॒तेन॑ । साध॑न् । आ । हि॒र्य॒तः । य॒ज॒तः । सानु॑ । अ॒स्था॒त् । अभू॑त् । ऊँ॒ इति॑ । विप्रः॑ । हव्यः॑ । म॒ती॒नाम् ॥
अधायि । अग्निः । मानुषीषु । विक्षु । अपाम् । गर्भः । मित्रः । ऋतेन । साधन् । आ । हिर्यतः । यजतः । सानु । अस्थात् । अभूत् । ऊँ इति । विप्रः । हव्यः । मतीनाम् ॥
adhāyi | agniḥ | mānuṣīṣu | vikṣu | apām | garbhaḥ | mitraḥ | ṛtena | sādhan | ā | hiryataḥ | yajataḥ | sānu | asthāt | abhūt | oṃ iti | vipraḥ | havyaḥ | matīnām

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 3.5.3 English analysis of grammar]

adhāyy < adhāyi < dhā

[verb], singular, Aorist passive

“put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”

agnir < agniḥ < agni

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

mānuṣīṣu < mānuṣa

[noun], locative, plural, feminine

“human.”

vikṣv < vikṣu < viś

[noun], locative, plural

“people; tribe; Vaisya; national; viś; real property; Vaisya.”

apāṃ < apām < ap

[noun], genitive, plural, feminine

“water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”

garbho < garbhaḥ < garbha

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“fetus; garbha; inside; cavity; embryo; uterus; child; pit; garbhadruti; filling; pregnancy; room; abdomen; fertilization; inside; hole; baby; calyx; midst.”

mitra < mitraḥ < mitra

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“friend; Mitra; mitra [word]; sun; ally.”

ṛtena < ṛta

[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter

“truth; order; fixed order; ṛta [word]; law; custom; custom.”

sādhan < sādh

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“promote; succeed.”

ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

haryato < haryataḥ < haryata

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“desirable; delightful.”

yajataḥ < yajata

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“holy; august; sacrificial.”

sānv < sānu

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“tableland; ridge; peak; back; ridge; guru.”

asthād < asthāt < sthā

[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)

“stay; stand; situate; exist; [in]; resist; endure; put; soak; be; stop; adhere; get stale; concentrate; grow; trust; wake; consociate; last; dwell; lie; stand; stop.”

abhūd < abhūt < bhū

[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)

“become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”

u

[adverb]

“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”

vipro < vipraḥ < vipra

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“eloquent; stimulated; divine.”

havyo < havyaḥ < hu

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“sacrifice; offer; pour; worship.”

matīnām < mati

[noun], genitive, plural, feminine

“intelligence; decision; mind; hymn; purpose; idea; opinion; belief; desire; wish; conviction; plan; devotion.”

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