Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 2.42.1
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
कनि॑क्रदज्ज॒नुषं॑ प्रब्रुवा॒ण इय॑र्ति॒ वाच॑मरि॒तेव॒ नाव॑म् । सु॒म॒ङ्गल॑श्च शकुने॒ भवा॑सि॒ मा त्वा॒ का चि॑दभि॒भा विश्व्या॑ विदत् ॥
कनिक्रदज्जनुषं प्रब्रुवाण इयर्ति वाचमरितेव नावम् । सुमङ्गलश्च शकुने भवासि मा त्वा का चिदभिभा विश्व्या विदत् ॥
kanikradaj januṣam prabruvāṇa iyarti vācam ariteva nāvam | sumaṅgalaś ca śakune bhavāsi mā tvā kā cid abhibhā viśvyā vidat ||
English translation:
“Crying repeatedly, and foretelling what will come to pass, (the kapiñjala) gives (due) direction to its voice, as a helmsman (guides) a boat; be ominous, bird, of good fortune, and may no calamity whatever befall you from any quarter.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Kapiñjala: The Anukramaṇikā has kanimatarūpindro devatā;
Kapiñjala = francoline partridge
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gṛtsamadaḥ śaunakaḥ [gṛtsamada śaunaka];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): kapiñjalaivendraḥ ;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
कनि॑क्रदत् । ज॒नुष॑म् । प्र॒ऽब्रु॒वा॒णः । इय॑र्ति । वाच॑म् । अ॒रि॒ताऽइ॑व । नाव॑म् । सु॒ऽम॒ङ्गलः॑ । च॒ । श॒कु॒ने॒ । भवा॑सि । मा । त्वा॒ । का । चि॒त् । अ॒भि॒ऽभा । विश्व्या॑ । वि॒द॒त् ॥
कनिक्रदत् । जनुषम् । प्रब्रुवाणः । इयर्ति । वाचम् । अरिताइव । नावम् । सुमङ्गलः । च । शकुने । भवासि । मा । त्वा । का । चित् । अभिभा । विश्व्या । विदत् ॥
kanikradat | januṣam | pra-bruvāṇaḥ | iyarti | vācam | aritāiva | nāvam | su-maṅgalaḥ | ca | śakune | bhavāsi | mā | tvā | kā | cit | abhi-bhā | viśvyā | vidat
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 2.42.1 English analysis of grammar]
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“roar; neigh.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“birth.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“state; name; disclose.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“enter (a state); travel; shoot; send; hit; originate; get; raise; begin; harm.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“speech; statement; voice; voice; speech; language; vāc [word]; word; literary composition; conversation; sound; Sarasvati; cry; assurance; spell.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[adverb]
“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“ship; boat; nau [word].”
[adverb]
“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“auspicious.”
[adverb]
“and; besides; then; now; even.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Śakuni; bird; large bird; Śakuni.”
[verb], singular, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
“become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”
[adverb]
“not.”
[noun], accusative, singular
“you.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“any(a); some(a); some(a); some(a); some(a).”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“omen.”
[adverb]
[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
“find; detect; marry; get; think.”