Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 2.41.16

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अम्बि॑तमे॒ नदी॑तमे॒ देवि॑तमे॒ सर॑स्वति । अ॒प्र॒श॒स्ता इ॑व स्मसि॒ प्रश॑स्तिमम्ब नस्कृधि ॥
अम्बितमे नदीतमे देवितमे सरस्वति । अप्रशस्ता इव स्मसि प्रशस्तिमम्ब नस्कृधि ॥
ambitame nadītame devitame sarasvati | apraśastā iva smasi praśastim amba nas kṛdhi ||

English translation:

Sarasvatī, best of mothers, best of rivers, best of goddesses, we are, as it were, of no repute; grant us, mother, distinction.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Ambitame, nadītame, devitame: the superlatives of ambikā, a mother, nadī, a river and devī, a goddess

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gṛtsamadaḥ śaunakaḥ [gṛtsamada śaunaka];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): sarasvatī;
Chandas (meter): anuṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अम्बि॑ऽतमे । नदी॑ऽतमे । देवि॑ऽतमे । सर॑स्वति । अ॒प्र॒श॒स्ताःऽइ॑व । स्म॒सि॒ । प्रऽश॑स्तिम् । अ॒म्ब॒ । नः॒ । कृ॒धि॒ ॥
अम्बितमे । नदीतमे । देवितमे । सरस्वति । अप्रशस्ताःइव । स्मसि । प्रशस्तिम् । अम्ब । नः । कृधि ॥
ambi-tame | nadī-tame | devi-tame | sarasvati | apraśastāḥ-iva | smasi | pra-śastim | amba | naḥ | kṛdhi

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 2.41.16 English analysis of grammar]

ambitame < ambitamā

[noun], vocative, singular, feminine

nadītame < nadītamā

[noun], vocative, singular, feminine

devitame < devitamā

[noun], vocative, singular, feminine

sarasvati < sarasvatī

[noun], vocative, singular, feminine

“Sarasvati; Sarasvatī; language; voice; speech; eloquence; balloon vine; river.”

apraśastā < apraśastāḥ < apraśasta

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“bad.”

iva

[adverb]

“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

smasi < as

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”

praśastim < praśasti

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“announcement; praise; respect.”

amba < ambā

[noun], vocative, singular

“mother; Devi; Ambā; ambā [word]; Ambā.”

nas < mad

[noun], dative, plural

“I; mine.”

kṛdhi < kṛ

[verb], singular, Aorist imperative

“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”

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