Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 2.38.8

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

या॒द्रा॒ध्यं१॒॑ वरु॑णो॒ योनि॒मप्य॒मनि॑शितं नि॒मिषि॒ जर्भु॑राणः । विश्वो॑ मार्ता॒ण्डो व्र॒जमा प॒शुर्गा॑त्स्थ॒शो जन्मा॑नि सवि॒ता व्याक॑: ॥
याद्राध्यं वरुणो योनिमप्यमनिशितं निमिषि जर्भुराणः । विश्वो मार्ताण्डो व्रजमा पशुर्गात्स्थशो जन्मानि सविता व्याकः ॥
yādrādhyaṃ varuṇo yonim apyam aniśitaṃ nimiṣi jarbhurāṇaḥ | viśvo mārtāṇḍo vrajam ā paśur gāt sthaśo janmāni savitā vy ākaḥ ||

English translation:

“The ever-going Varuṇa grants a cool, accessible and agreeable plural ce (of rest), to all moving (creatures) on the closing of the eyes (of Savitā), and every bird and every beast repairs to its lair when Savitā has dispersed (all) beings in various directions.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

On the closing of the eyes of Savitā: Varuṇa especially presiding over the night

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gṛtsamadaḥ śaunakaḥ [gṛtsamada śaunaka];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): savitā ;
Chandas (meter): svarāṭpaṅkti;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

या॒त्ऽरा॒ध्य॑म् । वरु॑णः । योनि॑म् । अप्य॑म् । अनि॑ऽशितम् । नि॒ऽमिषि॑ । जर्भु॑राणः । विश्वः॑ । मा॒र्ता॒ण्डः । व्र॒जम् । आ । प॒शुः । गा॒त् । स्थ॒ऽशः । जन्मा॑नि । स॒वि॒ता । वि । आ । अ॒क॒रित्य॑कः ॥
यात्राध्यम् । वरुणः । योनिम् । अप्यम् । अनिशितम् । निमिषि । जर्भुराणः । विश्वः । मार्ताण्डः । व्रजम् । आ । पशुः । गात् । स्थशः । जन्मानि । सविता । वि । आ । अकरित्यकः ॥
yāt-rādhyam | varuṇaḥ | yonim | apyam | ani-śitam | ni-miṣi | jarbhurāṇaḥ | viśvaḥ | mārtāṇḍaḥ | vrajam | ā | paśuḥ | gāt | stha-śaḥ | janmāni | savitā | vi | ā | akar ity akaḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 2.38.8 English analysis of grammar]

yādrādhyaṃ < yādrādhyam

[adverb]

varuṇo < varuṇaḥ < varuṇa

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Varuna; varuṇa [word]; Crataeva religiosa Forst.; Varuṇa; varuṇādi.”

yonim < yoni

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“vagina; vulva; uterus; beginning; origin; reincarnation; birthplace; family; production; cause; race; grain; raw material; birth; kind; caste; kinship; bed.”

apyam < apya

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“aquatic; aquatic.”

aniśitaṃ < aniśitam < aniśita

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“incessant.”

nimiṣi < nimiṣ

[noun], locative, singular, feminine

“blink of an eye.”

jarbhurāṇaḥ < jarbhur < √bhur

[verb noun], nominative, singular

viśvo < viśvaḥ < viśva

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

mārtāṇḍo < mārtāṇḍaḥ < mārtāṇḍa

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Surya; sun; bird.”

vrajam < vraja

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“cow pen; Vraja; battalion; Vraja; Vraja; vraja [word]; vraj; herd; flock; group.”

ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

paśur < paśuḥ < paśu

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“domestic animal; sacrificial animal; animal; cattle; Paśu; stupid; Paśu; herd; goat.”

gāt <

[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)

“go; enter (a state); arrive.”

sthaśo < sthaśas

[adverb]

janmāni < janman

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“birth; reincarnation; lineage; origin; race; metempsychosis; parentage; descent; appearance; age; birthplace; beginning; being.”

savitā < savitṛ

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Savitar; sun; Surya; Savitṛ.”

vy < vi

[adverb]

“apart; away; away.”

ākaḥ < ākṛ < √kṛ

[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)

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