Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 2.30.3
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ऊ॒र्ध्वो ह्यस्था॒दध्य॒न्तरि॒क्षेऽधा॑ वृ॒त्राय॒ प्र व॒धं ज॑भार । मिहं॒ वसा॑न॒ उप॒ हीमदु॑द्रोत्ति॒ग्मायु॑धो अजय॒च्छत्रु॒मिन्द्र॑: ॥
ऊर्ध्वो ह्यस्थादध्यन्तरिक्षेऽधा वृत्राय प्र वधं जभार । मिहं वसान उप हीमदुद्रोत्तिग्मायुधो अजयच्छत्रुमिन्द्रः ॥
ūrdhvo hy asthād adhy antarikṣe 'dhā vṛtrāya pra vadhaṃ jabhāra | mihaṃ vasāna upa hīm adudrot tigmāyudho ajayac chatrum indraḥ ||
English translation:
“Inasmuch as he had soared aloft above the firmament Indra hurled against Vṛtra his destructive (thunderbolt); enveloped in a cloud, he rushed upon Indra, but the wielder of the sharp-edged weapon triumphed over his foe.”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gṛtsamadaḥ śaunakaḥ [gṛtsamada śaunaka];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): bhurikpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ऊ॒र्ध्वः । हि । अस्था॑त् । अधि॑ । अ॒न्तरि॑क्षे । अध॑ । वृ॒त्राय॑ । प्र । व॒धम् । ज॒भा॒र॒ । मिह॑म् । वसा॑नः । उप॑ । हि । ई॒म् । अदु॑द्रोत् । ति॒ग्मऽआ॑युधः । अ॒ज॒य॒त् । शत्रु॑म् । इन्द्रः॑ ॥
ऊर्ध्वः । हि । अस्थात् । अधि । अन्तरिक्षे । अध । वृत्राय । प्र । वधम् । जभार । मिहम् । वसानः । उप । हि । ईम् । अदुद्रोत् । तिग्मआयुधः । अजयत् । शत्रुम् । इन्द्रः ॥
ūrdhvaḥ | hi | asthāt | adhi | antarikṣe | adha | vṛtrāya | pra | vadham | jabhāra | miham | vasānaḥ | upa | hi | īm | adudrot | tigma-āyudhaḥ | ajayat | śatrum | indraḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 2.30.3 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“upper; up(a); upper; upward; erect; more(a); raised; ūrdhva [word]; acclivitous; overturned; loud; eminent; high.”
[adverb]
“because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”
[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)
“stay; stand; situate; exist; [in]; resist; endure; put; soak; be; stop; adhere; get stale; concentrate; grow; trust; wake; consociate; last; dwell; lie; stand; stop.”
[adverb]
“on; from; accordingly.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“sky; atmosphere; air; abhra.”
[adverb]
“then; and; therefore; now.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“Vṛtra; vṛtra [word].”
[adverb]
“towards; ahead.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“killing; weapon; māraṇa; execution; destruction; vadh-; Vadha; dysfunction; punishment; kick.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“bring; hold; fill; support; wear; possess; carry; nourish; keep; hire; have; satiate; follow; bear.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“fog.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“wear.”
[adverb]
“towards; on; next.”
[adverb]
“because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”
[adverb]
[verb], singular, Plusquamperfect
“liquefy; melt; melt; flee; run; run; vanish; run; rush; dissolve; dissolve.”
[noun]
“sharp; pointed; fiery.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“weapon; āyudha [word].”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“overcome; cure; win; conquer; control; win; succeed; remove; beat; govern; surpass; suppress.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“enemy; foe; enemy; Asura.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”