Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 2.23.16
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
मा न॑: स्ते॒नेभ्यो॒ ये अ॒भि द्रु॒हस्प॒दे नि॑रा॒मिणो॑ रि॒पवोऽन्ने॑षु जागृ॒धुः । आ दे॒वाना॒मोह॑ते॒ वि व्रयो॑ हृ॒दि बृह॑स्पते॒ न प॒रः साम्नो॑ विदुः ॥
मा नः स्तेनेभ्यो ये अभि द्रुहस्पदे निरामिणो रिपवोऽन्नेषु जागृधुः । आ देवानामोहते वि व्रयो हृदि बृहस्पते न परः साम्नो विदुः ॥
mā naḥ stenebhyo ye abhi druhas pade nirāmiṇo ripavo 'nneṣu jāgṛdhuḥ | ā devānām ohate vi vrayo hṛdi bṛhaspate na paraḥ sāmno viduḥ ||
English translation:
“Deliver us not to the thieves, the enemies delighting in violence, who seize ever upon the food (of others); those who cherish in their hearts the abandonment (of the gods); (they), Bṛhaspati, who do not know the extent of (your) power (against evil spirits).”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Who do not know the extenf of your power: na paraḥ sāmno viduḥ = ye pumāmsaḥ sāmnaḥ sāmayāt tvattaḥ paraḥ parastād anyadukṛṣṭam sāma yad rakṣoghnam na jānanti, those men who do not know anything greater than the faculty of destroying rākṣasas, derived from you made up of that faculty; sāma vai rakṣoha = sāma is the killer of rākṣasas
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gṛtsamadaḥ śaunakaḥ [gṛtsamada śaunaka];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): bṛhaspatiḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛjjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
मा । नः॒ । स्ते॒नेभ्यः॑ । ये । अ॒भि । द्रु॒हः । प॒दे । नि॒रा॒मिणः॑ । रि॒पवः॑ । अन्ने॑षु । ज॒गृ॒धुः । आ । दे॒वाना॑म् । ओह॑ते । वि । व्रयः॑ । हृ॒दि । बृह॑स्पते । न । प॒रः । साम्नः॑ । वि॒दुः॒ ॥
मा । नः । स्तेनेभ्यः । ये । अभि । द्रुहः । पदे । निरामिणः । रिपवः । अन्नेषु । जगृधुः । आ । देवानाम् । ओहते । वि । व्रयः । हृदि । बृहस्पते । न । परः । साम्नः । विदुः ॥
mā | naḥ | stenebhyaḥ | ye | abhi | druhaḥ | pade | nirāmiṇaḥ | ripavaḥ | anneṣu | jagṛdhuḥ | ā | devānām | ohate | vi | vrayaḥ | hṛdi | bṛhaspate | na | paraḥ | sāmnaḥ | viduḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 2.23.16 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“not.”
[noun], accusative, plural
“I; mine.”
[noun], dative, plural, masculine
“thief; stena [word].”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[adverb]
“towards; on.”
[noun], genitive, singular, feminine
“deception; druh; misrepresentation; fraudulence; offense; injury.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“word; location; foot; footprint; pada [word]; verse; footstep; metrical foot; situation; dwelling; state; step; mark; position; trace; construction; animal foot; way; moment; social station; topographic point; path; residence; site; topic.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“enemy; arivarga; Ripu; foe.”
[noun], locative, plural, neuter
“food; foodstuff; grain; anna [word]; eating; boiled rice; meal.”
[verb], plural, Perfect indicative
“desire; covet.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[noun], genitive, plural, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“diagnose.”
[adverb]
“apart; away; away.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“heart; heart; mind; breast; hṛd [word].”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Brihaspati; Jupiter; Bṛhaspati.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[adverb]
“beyond; away; farther.”
[noun], ablative, singular, neuter
“Sāman; Sama-Veda; song; sāman [word]; hymn.”
[verb], plural, Perfect indicative
“know; diagnose; perceive; know; accord; notice; deem; mind; learn; specify; watch; recognize; detect; call.”