Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 2.23.1

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

ग॒णानां॑ त्वा ग॒णप॑तिं हवामहे क॒विं क॑वी॒नामु॑प॒मश्र॑वस्तमम् । ज्ये॒ष्ठ॒राजं॒ ब्रह्म॑णां ब्रह्मणस्पत॒ आ न॑: शृ॒ण्वन्नू॒तिभि॑: सीद॒ साद॑नम् ॥
गणानां त्वा गणपतिं हवामहे कविं कवीनामुपमश्रवस्तमम् । ज्येष्ठराजं ब्रह्मणां ब्रह्मणस्पत आ नः शृण्वन्नूतिभिः सीद सादनम् ॥
gaṇānāṃ tvā gaṇapatiṃ havāmahe kaviṃ kavīnām upamaśravastamam | jyeṣṭharājam brahmaṇām brahmaṇas pata ā naḥ śṛṇvann ūtibhiḥ sīda sādanam ||

English translation:

“We invoke the Brahmaṇaspati, chief leaderof the (heavenly) bands; a sage of sage; aboundingbeyondmeasure in (every kind of) food;best lord of prayer; hearing our invocations, come with your protections, and sit down in the chamber of sacrifice.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Brahmaṇaspati = brahmaṇo annasya parivṛḍhasya karmaṇo vā pālayitā, the protector or cherisher of food,or of any great or solemn acts of devotion; he has other attributes in the text, as, gaṇānām gaṇapatiḥ, chief of the gaṇas (inferior deities); jyeṣṭharājam brahmaṇām, the best lord of mantras, or prayers: praśasyam svāminam mantrāṇām

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gṛtsamadaḥ śaunakaḥ [gṛtsamada śaunaka];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): brahmaṇaspatiḥ;
Chandas (meter): jagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

ग॒णाना॑म् । त्वा॒ । ग॒णऽप॑तिम् । ह॒वा॒म॒हे॒ । क॒विम् । क॒वी॒नाम् । उ॒प॒मश्र॑वःऽतमम् । ज्ये॒ष्ठ॒ऽराज॑म् । ब्रह्म॑णाम् । ब्र॒ह्म॒णः॒ । प॒ते॒ । आ । नः॒ । शृ॒ण्वन् । ऊ॒तिऽभिः॑ । सी॒द॒ । साद॑नम् ॥
गणानाम् । त्वा । गणपतिम् । हवामहे । कविम् । कवीनाम् । उपमश्रवःतमम् । ज्येष्ठराजम् । ब्रह्मणाम् । ब्रह्मणः । पते । आ । नः । शृण्वन् । ऊतिभिः । सीद । सादनम् ॥
gaṇānām | tvā | gaṇa-patim | havāmahe | kavim | kavīnām | upamaśravaḥ-tamam | jyeṣṭha-rājam | brahmaṇām | brahmaṇaḥ | pate | ā | naḥ | śṛṇvan | ūti-bhiḥ | sīda | sādanam

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 2.23.1 English analysis of grammar]

gaṇānāṃ < gaṇānām < gaṇa

[noun], genitive, plural, masculine

“group; varga; troop; troop; battalion; flock; herd; gaṇa [word]; corporation; gaṇa; herd; sect; swarm; set; party; gaṇa; series; Ganesa; flight.”

tvā < tvad

[noun], accusative, singular

“you.”

gaṇapatiṃ < gaṇapatim < gaṇapati

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Ganesa; general; Shiva; Brihaspati.”

havāmahe < hvā

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“raise; call on; call; summon.”

kaviṃ < kavim < kavi

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“poet; wise man; bard; Venus; Uśanas; kavi [word]; Kavi; prophet; guru; Brahma.”

kavīnām < kavi

[noun], genitive, plural, masculine

“poet; wise man; bard; Venus; Uśanas; kavi [word]; Kavi; prophet; guru; Brahma.”

upamaśravastamam < upamaśravastama

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

jyeṣṭharājam < jyeṣṭha

[noun]

“firstborn; best; first; excellent; highest; jyeṣṭha [word].”

jyeṣṭharājam < rājam < rāj

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“king; best; rāj; rāj [word].”

brahmaṇām < brahman

[noun], genitive, plural, neuter

“brahman; mantra; prayer; spell; Veda; Brahmin; sacred text; final emancipation; hymn; brahman [word]; Brāhmaṇa; study.”

brahmaṇaspata < brahmaṇaspate < brahmaṇaspati

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Brahmaṇaspati.”

ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

naḥ < mad

[noun], accusative, plural

“I; mine.”

śṛṇvann < śṛṇvan < śru

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“listen; come to know; hear; hear; listen; study; heed; learn.”

ūtibhiḥ < ūti

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“aid; favor; ūti [word].”

sīda < sad

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“sit down; break down; slow; sink; crumble; fracture; perish; ride; stop; besiege; tire.”

sādanam < sādana

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“home; dwelling; seat.”

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