Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 2.19.8

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

ए॒वा ते॑ गृत्सम॒दाः शू॑र॒ मन्मा॑व॒स्यवो॒ न व॒युना॑नि तक्षुः । ब्र॒ह्म॒ण्यन्त॑ इन्द्र ते॒ नवी॑य॒ इष॒मूर्जं॑ सुक्षि॒तिं सु॒म्नम॑श्युः ॥
एवा ते गृत्समदाः शूर मन्मावस्यवो न वयुनानि तक्षुः । ब्रह्मण्यन्त इन्द्र ते नवीय इषमूर्जं सुक्षितिं सुम्नमश्युः ॥
evā te gṛtsamadāḥ śūra manmāvasyavo na vayunāni takṣuḥ | brahmaṇyanta indra te navīya iṣam ūrjaṃ sukṣitiṃ sumnam aśyuḥ ||

English translation:

“Thus, hero, have the Gṛtsamadas

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Gṛṇāteḥ stutikarmaṇaḥ (Nirukta 9.5) fabricated praises to you, as they who are desirous of travelling (construct) roads; may those who worship you, adorable Indra, obtain food, strength, habitations and felicity. [As they who are desirous: avasyavo na vayunāni = gamanam icchantaḥ pumāṃso mārgān yathā kurvanti = as men, wishing to go,make roads

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gṛtsamadaḥ śaunakaḥ [gṛtsamada śaunaka];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

ए॒व । ते॒ । गृ॒त्स॒ऽम॒दाः । शू॒र॒ । मन्म॑ । अ॒व॒स्यवः॑ । न । व॒युना॑नि । त॒क्षुः॒ । ब्र॒ह्म॒ण्यन्तः॑ । इ॒न्द्र॒ । ते॒ । नवी॑यः । इष॑म् । ऊर्ज॑म् । सु॒ऽक्षि॒तिम् । सु॒म्नम् । अ॒श्युः॒ ॥
एव । ते । गृत्समदाः । शूर । मन्म । अवस्यवः । न । वयुनानि । तक्षुः । ब्रह्मण्यन्तः । इन्द्र । ते । नवीयः । इषम् । ऊर्जम् । सुक्षितिम् । सुम्नम् । अश्युः ॥
eva | te | gṛtsa-madāḥ | śūra | manma | avasyavaḥ | na | vayunāni | takṣuḥ | brahmaṇyantaḥ | indra | te | navīyaḥ | iṣam | ūrjam | su-kṣitim | sumnam | aśyuḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 2.19.8 English analysis of grammar]

evā < eva

[adverb]

“indeed; merely; thus; even; surely; same; eva [word]; successively; immediately; in truth.”

te < tvad

[noun], dative, singular

“you.”

gṛtsamadāḥ < gṛtsamada

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“Gṛtsamada.”

śūra

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“hero; cock; śūra; Śūra; Vatica robusta; Plumbago zeylanica; warrior; hero; attacker; lentil; wild boar; lion; dog.”

manmāvasyavo < manma < manman

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“hymn; idea; purpose.”

manmāvasyavo < avasyavaḥ < avasyu

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“seeking protection; helpless.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

vayunāni < vayuna

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“convention; custom; means.”

takṣuḥ < takṣ

[verb], plural, Perfect indicative

“produce; shape; fashion; chisel; invent.”

brahmaṇyanta < brahmaṇyantaḥ < brahmaṇy

[verb noun], nominative, plural

indra

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

te < tvad

[noun], genitive, singular

“you.”

navīya < navīyaḥ < navīyas

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“new; fresh; up-to-the-minute.”

iṣam < iṣ

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“refreshment; enjoyment; stores.”

ūrjaṃ < ūrjam < ūrj

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“strength; refreshment; vigor; food; strengthening.”

sukṣitiṃ < su

[adverb]

“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

sukṣitiṃ < kṣitim < kṣiti

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“floor; Earth; earth; pṛthivī; people; dwelling; battlefield; Earth; estate; colony; house.”

sumnam < sumna

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“favor; benevolence; sumna [word]; entreaty; favor.”

aśyuḥ <

[verb], plural, Aorist optative

“get; reach; enter (a state).”

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