Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 2.1.12
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
त्वम॑ग्ने॒ सुभृ॑त उत्त॒मं वय॒स्तव॑ स्पा॒र्हे वर्ण॒ आ सं॒दृशि॒ श्रिय॑: । त्वं वाज॑: प्र॒तर॑णो बृ॒हन्न॑सि॒ त्वं र॒यिर्ब॑हु॒लो वि॒श्वत॑स्पृ॒थुः ॥
त्वमग्ने सुभृत उत्तमं वयस्तव स्पार्हे वर्ण आ संदृशि श्रियः । त्वं वाजः प्रतरणो बृहन्नसि त्वं रयिर्बहुलो विश्वतस्पृथुः ॥
tvam agne subhṛta uttamaṃ vayas tava spārhe varṇa ā saṃdṛśi śriyaḥ | tvaṃ vājaḥ prataraṇo bṛhann asi tvaṃ rayir bahulo viśvatas pṛthuḥ ||
English translation:
“When, well-cherished Agni, you are (the giver of) excellent food; in your desirable and delightful hues, beauties (abound) you (are) food; (you are) the transporter (beyond sin); you are mighty; you are wealth; you are manifold, and everhwhere diffused.”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): āṅgirasaḥ śaunahotro bhārgavo gṛtsamadaḥ [āṅgirasa śaunahotra bhārgava gṛtsamada];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): bhuriktriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
त्वम् । अ॒ग्ने॒ । सुऽभृ॑तः । उ॒त्ऽत॒मम् । वयः॑ । तव॑ । स्पा॒र्हे । वर्णे॑ । आ । स॒म्ऽदृशि॑ । श्रियः॑ । त्वम् । वाजः॑ । प्र॒ऽतर॑णः । बृ॒हन् । अ॒सि॒ । त्वम् । र॒यिः । ब॒हु॒लः । वि॒श्वतः॑ । पृ॒थुः ॥
त्वम् । अग्ने । सुभृतः । उत्तमम् । वयः । तव । स्पार्हे । वर्णे । आ । सम्दृशि । श्रियः । त्वम् । वाजः । प्रतरणः । बृहन् । असि । त्वम् । रयिः । बहुलः । विश्वतः । पृथुः ॥
tvam | agne | su-bhṛtaḥ | ut-tamam | vayaḥ | tava | spārhe | varṇe | ā | sam-dṛśi | śriyaḥ | tvam | vājaḥ | pra-taraṇaḥ | bṛhan | asi | tvam | rayiḥ | bahulaḥ | viśvataḥ | pṛthuḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 2.1.12 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular
“you.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[adverb]
“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“bring; hold; fill; support; wear; possess; carry; nourish; keep; hire; have; satiate; follow; bear.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“best; excellent; highest; better; extreme; last; first; topmost; chief(a); higher; highest; maximal; uttama [word]; prevailing; finest.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“age; vigor; old age; strength; vayas [word]; aging; power; youth; food.”
[noun], genitive, singular
“you.”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“desirable.”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“color; caste; complexion; vowel; varṇa [word]; vowel; syllable; appearance; Karat; people; beauty; varṇa; gold; color; complexion.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[noun], locative, singular, feminine
“appearance; view; view.”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“mister; Ms.; Lakshmi; good fortune; well-being; magnificence; glory; beauty; Aegle marmelos (Linn.) Correa; dignity; power; śrī [word]; śrī; prosperity; auspiciousness.”
[noun], nominative, singular
“you.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“prize; Vāja; reward; reward; Ribhus; vigor; strength; contest.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“prolonging; beneficial.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“large; great; loud; high; much(a); exalted; abundant; intensive; strong; huge.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[noun], nominative, singular
“you.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“wealth; property.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“frequent; endowed; much(a); many; abounding in(p); abundant; bahula [word]; accompanied; prevailing.”
[adverb]
“everywhere; around; about.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“broad; wide; great; flat; pṛthu [word]; far.”