Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.191.11
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
इ॒य॒त्ति॒का श॑कुन्ति॒का स॒का ज॑घास ते वि॒षम् । सो चि॒न्नु न म॑राति॒ नो व॒यं म॑रामा॒रे अ॑स्य॒ योज॑नं हरि॒ष्ठा मधु॑ त्वा मधु॒ला च॑कार ॥
इयत्तिका शकुन्तिका सका जघास ते विषम् । सो चिन्नु न मराति नो वयं मरामारे अस्य योजनं हरिष्ठा मधु त्वा मधुला चकार ॥
iyattikā śakuntikā sakā jaghāsa te viṣam | so cin nu na marāti no vayam marāmāre asya yojanaṃ hariṣṭhā madhu tvā madhulā cakāra ||
English translation:
“That little insignifcant bird has swallowed your venom; she does not die; nor shall we die; for, although afar off, yet drawn by his coursers, (the Sun) will overtake (the poison); the science of antidotes has converted you, (Poison), to ambrosia.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
The insignificant bird: the feminine le kapiñjala, or francoline partridge, which was known as a remover of poison, viṣa hartrī
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): agastyo maitrāvaruṇiḥ [agastya maitrāvaruṇi];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): aboṣadhisūryāḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛdbrāhmyanuṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
इ॒य॒त्ति॒का । श॒कु॒न्ति॒का । स॒का । ज॒घा॒स॒ । ते॒ । वि॒षम् । सो इति॑ । चि॒त् । नु । न । म॒रा॒ति॒ । नो इति॑ । व॒यम् । म॒रा॒म॒ । आ॒रे । अ॒स्य॒ । योज॑नम् । ह॒रि॒ऽस्थाः । मधु॑ । त्वा॒ । म॒धु॒ला । च॒का॒र॒ ॥
इयत्तिका । शकुन्तिका । सका । जघास । ते । विषम् । सो इति । चित् । नु । न । मराति । नो इति । वयम् । मराम । आरे । अस्य । योजनम् । हरिस्थाः । मधु । त्वा । मधुला । चकार ॥
iyattikā | śakuntikā | sakā | jaghāsa | te | viṣam | so iti | cit | nu | na | marāti | no iti | vayam | marāma | āre | asya | yojanam | hari-sthāḥ | madhu | tvā | madhulā | cakāra
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.191.11 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“small.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“bird.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“small.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“eat.”
[noun], genitive, singular
“you.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“poison; poisoning; viṣa; venom; vatsanābha; Aconitum Ferox; viṣa [word]; Viṣa; myrrh; myrrh.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[adverb]
“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”
[adverb]
“even; indeed.”
[adverb]
“now; already.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[verb], singular, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
“mṛ; die; disappear; go out.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[adverb]
“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”
[noun], nominative, plural
“I; mine.”
[verb], plural, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
“mṛ; die; disappear; go out.”
[adverb]
“far.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“yojana; use; yojana [word]; team.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“sweet; deft.”
[noun], accusative, singular
“you.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“sweet.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”