Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.191.6

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

द्यौर्व॑: पि॒ता पृ॑थि॒वी मा॒ता सोमो॒ भ्रातादि॑ति॒: स्वसा॑ । अदृ॑ष्टा॒ विश्व॑दृष्टा॒स्तिष्ठ॑ते॒लय॑ता॒ सु क॑म् ॥
द्यौर्वः पिता पृथिवी माता सोमो भ्रातादितिः स्वसा । अदृष्टा विश्वदृष्टास्तिष्ठतेलयता सु कम् ॥
dyaur vaḥ pitā pṛthivī mātā somo bhrātāditiḥ svasā | adṛṣṭā viśvadṛṣṭās tiṣṭhatelayatā su kam ||

English translation:

“Heaven, (serpents), is your father; Earth, your mother; Soma, your brother; Aditi, your sister; unseen all-seeing abide (in your own holes); enjoy (your own) good plural asure.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Soma is here the moon; heaven is the residence of Soma: somadharo dyulokaḥ

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): agastyo maitrāvaruṇiḥ [agastya maitrāvaruṇi];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): aboṣadhisūryāḥ ;
Chandas (meter): anuṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

द्यौः । वः॒ । पि॒ता । पृ॒थि॒वी । मा॒ता । सोमः॑ । भ्राता॑ । अदि॑तिः । स्वसा॑ । अदृ॑ष्टाः । विश्व॑ऽदृश्टाः । तिष्ठ॑त । इ॒लय॑त । सु । क॒म् ॥
द्यौः । वः । पिता । पृथिवी । माता । सोमः । भ्राता । अदितिः । स्वसा । अदृष्टाः । विश्वदृश्टाः । तिष्ठत । इलयत । सु । कम् ॥
dyauḥ | vaḥ | pitā | pṛthivī | mātā | somaḥ | bhrātā | aditiḥ | svasā | adṛṣṭāḥ | viśva-dṛṣṭāḥ | tiṣṭhata | ilayata | su | kam

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.191.6 English analysis of grammar]

dyaur < dyauḥ < div

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”

vaḥ < tvad

[noun], genitive, plural

“you.”

pitā < pitṛ

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“father; Pitṛ; ancestor; parent; paternal ancestor; pitṛ [word]; forefather.”

pṛthivī

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“Earth; pṛthivī; floor; Earth; earth; pṛthivī [word]; land.”

mātā < mātṛ

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“mother; mātṛkā; mātṛ [word]; parent; Salvinia cucullata Roxb.; Citrullus colocynthis Schrad.; cow.”

somo < somaḥ < soma

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

bhrātāditiḥ < bhrātā < bhrātṛ

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“brother; bhrātṛ; relative.”

bhrātāditiḥ < aditiḥ < aditi

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“Aditi; aditi [word].”

svasā < svasṛ

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“sister; svasṛ [word].”

adṛṣṭā < adṛṣṭāḥ < adṛṣṭa

[noun], vocative, plural, masculine

“unobserved; invisible; unseen; unanticipated; unknown.”

viśvadṛṣṭās < viśva

[noun]

“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

viśvadṛṣṭās < dṛṣṭāḥ < dṛś

[verb noun], vocative, plural

“see; observe; view; visit; look; learn; meet; read; teach; examine; watch; see; notice; perceive; diagnose; travel to; show; detect; know; know; understand; understand; follow.”

tiṣṭhatelayatā < tiṣṭhata < sthā

[verb], plural, Present imperative

“stay; stand; situate; exist; [in]; resist; endure; put; soak; be; stop; adhere; get stale; concentrate; grow; trust; wake; consociate; last; dwell; lie; stand; stop.”

tiṣṭhatelayatā < ilayata < ilay < √il

[verb], plural, Present imperative

su

[adverb]

“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

kam < kaṃ

[adverb]

“kaṃ [word].”

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