Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.188.9

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

त्वष्टा॑ रू॒पाणि॒ हि प्र॒भुः प॒शून्विश्वा॑न्त्समान॒जे । तेषां॑ नः स्फा॒तिमा य॑ज ॥
त्वष्टा रूपाणि हि प्रभुः पशून्विश्वान्त्समानजे । तेषां नः स्फातिमा यज ॥
tvaṣṭā rūpāṇi hi prabhuḥ paśūn viśvān samānaje | teṣāṃ naḥ sphātim ā yaja ||

English translation:

Tvaṣṭā, who is the master (in fashioning) the forms (of beings), has made all animals distinct; grant us, (Tvaṣṭa), their increase.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Tvaṣṭa rūpāṇi hi prabhuḥ: kartum = to make, is understood; Tvaṣṭā is the divinity presiding over the implements of sacrifice;he also fashions beings in the womb as soon as begotten: retasaḥ siktasya tvaṣṭā rūPāṇi vikaroti; or, yonau sṛṣṭāni rūpāṇi kartumprabhuḥ

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): agastyo maitrāvaruṇiḥ [agastya maitrāvaruṇi];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): āpriyaḥ;
Chandas (meter): gāyatrī;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

त्वष्टा॑ । रू॒पाणि॑ । हि । प्र॒ऽभुः । प॒शून् । विश्वा॑न् । स॒म्ऽआ॒न॒जे । तेषा॑म् । नः॒ स्फा॒तिम् । आ । य॒ज॒ ॥
त्वष्टा । रूपाणि । हि । प्रभुः । पशून् । विश्वान् । सम्आनजे । तेषाम् । नः स्फातिम् । आ । यज ॥
tvaṣṭā | rūpāṇi | hi | pra-bhuḥ | paśūn | viśvān | sam-ānaje | teṣām | naḥ sphātim | ā | yaja

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.188.9 English analysis of grammar]

tvaṣṭā < tvaṣṭṛ

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Tvaṣṭṛ; Viśvakarman; sun.”

rūpāṇi < rūpa

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“form; appearance; beauty; look; shape; shape; symptom; feature; nature; guise; rūpa [word]; one; appearance; likeness; color; kind; vowel; type; disguise; aspect; form; derivative; omen; vision.”

hi

[adverb]

“because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”

prabhuḥ < prabhu

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“mighty; powerful.”

paśūn < paśu

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“domestic animal; sacrificial animal; animal; cattle; Paśu; stupid; Paśu; herd; goat.”

viśvān < viśva

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

samānaje < samañj < √añj

[verb], singular, Perfect indicative

“anoint.”

teṣāṃ < teṣām < tad

[noun], genitive, plural, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

na < naḥ < mad

[noun], dative, plural

“I; mine.”

sphātim < sphāti

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“prosperity.”

ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

yaja < yaj

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“sacrifice; worship; worship.”

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