Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.186.4

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

उप॑ व॒ एषे॒ नम॑सा जिगी॒षोषासा॒नक्ता॑ सु॒दुघे॑व धे॒नुः । स॒मा॒ने अह॑न्वि॒मिमा॑नो अ॒र्कं विषु॑रूपे॒ पय॑सि॒ सस्मि॒न्नूध॑न् ॥
उप व एषे नमसा जिगीषोषासानक्ता सुदुघेव धेनुः । समाने अहन्विमिमानो अर्कं विषुरूपे पयसि सस्मिन्नूधन् ॥
upa va eṣe namasā jigīṣoṣāsānaktā sudugheva dhenuḥ | samāne ahan vimimāno arkaṃ viṣurūpe payasi sasminn ūdhan ||

English translation:

“I approach you, (deities), with reverence, night and day, in the hope of overcoming (sin), as (willingly), as a genitive tle cow (comes to be milked), mixing (for you) on the appropriate day the (sacrificial) food, (consisting) of multiform (preparations) of milk (genitive rated) from the same udder.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Multiform preparations: viṣurūpe payasi sasminnūdhan = in multiform milk in a common udder; i.e. the manifold water or solution of the Soma prepared for the sacrifice; since it yields rewards, it is compared to an udder yielding milk whence butter, ghee

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): agastyo maitrāvaruṇiḥ [agastya maitrāvaruṇi];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśvedevā:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

उप॑ । वः॒ । आ । इ॒षे॒ । नम॑सा । जि॒गी॒षा । उ॒षसा॒नक्ता॑ । सु॒दुघा॑ऽइव । धे॒नुः । स॒मा॒ने । अह॑न् । वि॒ऽमिमा॑नः । अ॒र्कम् । विषु॑ऽरूपे । पय॑सि । सस्मि॑न् । ऊध॑न् ॥
उप । वः । आ । इषे । नमसा । जिगीषा । उषसानक्ता । सुदुघाइव । धेनुः । समाने । अहन् । विमिमानः । अर्कम् । विषुरूपे । पयसि । सस्मिन् । ऊधन् ॥
upa | vaḥ | ā | iṣe | namasā | jigīṣā | uṣasānaktā | sudughāiva | dhenuḥ | samāne | ahan | vi-mimānaḥ | arkam | viṣu-rūpe | payasi | sasmin | ūdhan

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.186.4 English analysis of grammar]

upa

[adverb]

“towards; on; next.”

va < vaḥ < tvad

[noun], accusative, plural

“you.”

eṣe < iṣ

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“desire; recommend; approve; seek; call; search; try; prefer; love; commend; assent; permit; choose.”

namasā < namas

[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter

“adoration; court; namas [word]; bow; salute.”

jigīṣoṣāsānaktā < jigīṣā

[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine

“victory; triumph.”

jigīṣoṣāsānaktā < uṣāsānaktā

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“dawn; night.”

sudugheva < su

[adverb]

“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

sudugheva < dughā < dugha

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“yielding.”

sudugheva < iva

[adverb]

“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

dhenuḥ < dhenu

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“cow; dhenu [word]; milk.”

samāne < samāna

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“like; identical; common; like; alike(p); same; samāna [word]; akin(p); comparable; identical; mutual; equal.”

ahan < ahar

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“day; day; ahar [word]; day; day.”

vimimāno < vimimānaḥ < vimā < √mā

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“arrange; distribute; barter; measure; fixate.”

arkaṃ < arkam < arka

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sun; copper; Surya; hymn; twelve; fire; beam.”

viṣurūpe < viṣurūpa

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“different; manifold.”

payasi < payas

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“milk; milky juice; water; fluid; juice; payas [word]; drink.”

sasminn < sasmin < tad

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

ūdhan < ūdhas

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“udder; ūdhas [word]; night.”

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