Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.182.1

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अभू॑दि॒दं व॒युन॒मो षु भू॑षता॒ रथो॒ वृष॑ण्वा॒न्मद॑ता मनीषिणः । धि॒यं॒जि॒न्वा धिष्ण्या॑ वि॒श्पला॑वसू दि॒वो नपा॑ता सु॒कृते॒ शुचि॑व्रता ॥
अभूदिदं वयुनमो षु भूषता रथो वृषण्वान्मदता मनीषिणः । धियंजिन्वा धिष्ण्या विश्पलावसू दिवो नपाता सुकृते शुचिव्रता ॥
abhūd idaṃ vayunam o ṣu bhūṣatā ratho vṛṣaṇvān madatā manīṣiṇaḥ | dhiyaṃjinvā dhiṣṇyā viśpalāvasū divo napātā sukṛte śucivratā ||

English translation:

“The information, sage (priests), has been received; be ready with your praises, for the (benefit) showering car (of the Aśvins has arrived); propitiate (the divinities), for they show favour to the doer of good works; they are entitled to praise, rich in benevolence to mankind the grandsons of heaven, and observers of holy rites.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Rich in benevolence: viśpalāvasu, having wealth; vasu, which is cherishing palā for pāla; mankind, vis'; the reference may be to the legend of the metal or golden leg given to viśpala) (RV. 1.171.15)

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): agastyo maitrāvaruṇiḥ [agastya maitrāvaruṇi];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): aśvinau ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛjjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अभू॑त् । इ॒दम् । व॒युन॑म् । ओ इति॑ । सु । भू॒ष॒त॒ । रथः॑ । वृष॑ण्ऽवान् । मद॑त । म॒नी॒षि॒णः॒ । धि॒य॒म्ऽजि॒न्वा । धिष्ण्या॑ । वि॒श्पला॑वसू॒ इति॑ । दि॒वः । नपा॑ता । सु॒ऽकृते॑ । शुचि॑ऽव्रता ॥
अभूत् । इदम् । वयुनम् । ओ इति । सु । भूषत । रथः । वृषण्वान् । मदत । मनीषिणः । धियम्जिन्वा । धिष्ण्या । विश्पलावसू इति । दिवः । नपाता । सुकृते । शुचिव्रता ॥
abhāūt | idam | vayunam | o iti | su | bhūṣata | rathaḥ | vṛṣaṇ-vān | madata | manīṣiṇaḥ | dhiyam-jinvā | dhiṣṇyā | viśpalāvasūiti | divaḥ | napātā | su-kṛte | śuci-vratā

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.182.1 English analysis of grammar]

abhūd < abhūt < bhū

[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)

“become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”

idaṃ < idam

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

vayunam < vayuna

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“convention; custom; means.”

o < ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

o < u

[adverb]

“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”

ṣu < su

[adverb]

“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

bhūṣatā < bhūṣata < bhūṣ

[verb], plural, Present imperative

“endeavor; attend; strive.”

ratho < rathaḥ < ratha

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”

vṛṣaṇvān < vṛṣaṇvat

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

madatā < madata < mad

[verb], plural, Present imperative

“rut; intoxicate; delight; revel; rejoice; drink; ramp; exult.”

manīṣiṇaḥ < manīṣin

[noun], vocative, plural, masculine

“sage; expert; devout.”

dhiyañjinvā < dhiyaṃjinva

[noun], accusative, dual, masculine

dhiṣṇyā < dhiṣṇya

[noun], accusative, dual, masculine

“wise; beneficent.”

viśpalāvasū < viśpalā

[noun], feminine

viśpalāvasū < vasū < vasu

[noun], accusative, dual, masculine

“good; good; benign; vasu [word].”

divo < divaḥ < div

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”

napātā < napāt

[noun], accusative, dual, masculine

“grandson; nephew; napāt [word].”

sukṛte < sukṛt

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“devout; virtuous.”

śucivratā < śuci

[noun]

“clean; clean; pure; bright; clear; honest; śuci [word]; clear; impeccant.”

śucivratā < vratā < vrata

[noun], accusative, dual, masculine

“vrata (vote); commandment; law; oath; command; rule; custom; vrata [word]; rule; behavior.”

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