Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.181.3

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

आ वां॒ रथो॒ऽवनि॒र्न प्र॒वत्वा॑न्त्सृ॒प्रव॑न्धुरः सुवि॒ताय॑ गम्याः । वृष्ण॑: स्थातारा॒ मन॑सो॒ जवी॑यानहम्पू॒र्वो य॑ज॒तो धि॑ष्ण्या॒ यः ॥
आ वां रथोऽवनिर्न प्रवत्वान्त्सृप्रवन्धुरः सुविताय गम्याः । वृष्णः स्थातारा मनसो जवीयानहम्पूर्वो यजतो धिष्ण्या यः ॥
ā vāṃ ratho 'vanir na pravatvān sṛpravandhuraḥ suvitāya gamyāḥ | vṛṣṇaḥ sthātārā manaso javīyān ahampūrvo yajato dhiṣṇyā yaḥ ||

English translation:

Aśvins, excellent and steady, may your chariot, vast as the earth, broad-fronted, rapid as the rain (fleet) as thought, cumulative and adorable, come hither for (our) good.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Emulative: ahampūrvaḥ, I first, is normally related to a warrior, one who would be first in battle; here, it is explained as intelligent, manasvin; or very genitive rous atyudāraḥ

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): agastyo maitrāvaruṇiḥ [agastya maitrāvaruṇi];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): aśvinau ;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

आ । वा॒म् । रथः॑ । अ॒वनिः॑ । न । प्र॒वत्वा॑न् । सृ॒प्रऽव॑न्धुरः । सु॒वि॒ताय॑ । ग॒म्याः॒ । वृष्णः॑ । स्था॒ता॒रा॒ । मन॑सः । जवी॑यान् । अ॒ह॒म्ऽपू॒र्वः । य॒ज॒तः । धि॒ष्ण्या॒ । यः ॥
आ । वाम् । रथः । अवनिः । न । प्रवत्वान् । सृप्रवन्धुरः । सुविताय । गम्याः । वृष्णः । स्थातारा । मनसः । जवीयान् । अहम्पूर्वः । यजतः । धिष्ण्या । यः ॥
ā | vām | rathaḥ | avaniḥ | na | pravatvān | sṛpra-vandhuraḥ | suvitāya | gamyāḥ | vṛṣṇaḥ | sthātārā | manasaḥ | javīyān | aham-pūrvaḥ | yajataḥ | dhiṣṇyā | yaḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.181.3 English analysis of grammar]

ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

vāṃ < vām < tvad

[noun], genitive, dual

“you.”

ratho < rathaḥ < ratha

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”

'vanir < avaniḥ < avani

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“river; earth; floor; path; bed; course.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

pravatvān < pravatvat

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“cragged.”

sṛpravandhuraḥ < sṛpra

[noun]

“glossy; greasy.”

sṛpravandhuraḥ < vandhuraḥ < vandhura

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“seat; seat.”

suvitāya < suvita

[noun], dative, singular, neuter

“prosperity; well-being.”

gamyāḥ < gam

[verb], singular, Prekativ

“go; situate; enter (a state); travel; disappear; [in]; elapse; leave; reach; vanish; love; walk; approach; issue; hop on; gasify; get; come; die; drain; spread; transform; happen; discharge; ride; to be located; run; detect; refer; go; shall; drive.”

vṛṣṇa < vṛṣṇaḥ < vṛṣan

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“bullocky; potent; powerful; strong; manly; aroused; potent; much(a); male; large.”

sthātārā < sthātṛ

[noun], vocative, dual, masculine

manaso < manasaḥ < manas

[noun], ablative, singular, neuter

“mind; Manas; purpose; idea; attention; heart; decision; manas [word]; manas [indecl.]; spirit; temper; intelligence.”

javīyān < javīyas

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“fast.”

ahampūrvo < ahampūrvaḥ < ahampūrva

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

yajato < yajataḥ < yajata

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“holy; august; sacrificial.”

dhiṣṇyā < dhiṣṇya

[noun], vocative, dual, masculine

“wise; beneficent.”

yaḥ < yad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

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