Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.178.2
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
न घा॒ राजेन्द्र॒ आ द॑भन्नो॒ या नु स्वसा॑रा कृ॒णव॑न्त॒ योनौ॑ । आप॑श्चिदस्मै सु॒तुका॑ अवेष॒न्गम॑न्न॒ इन्द्र॑: स॒ख्या वय॑श्च ॥
न घा राजेन्द्र आ दभन्नो या नु स्वसारा कृणवन्त योनौ । आपश्चिदस्मै सुतुका अवेषन्गमन्न इन्द्रः सख्या वयश्च ॥
na ghā rājendra ā dabhan no yā nu svasārā kṛṇavanta yonau | āpaś cid asmai sutukā aveṣan gaman na indraḥ sakhyā vayaś ca ||
English translation:
“Let not the royal Indra frustrate those our actions, which the sisters, (Day and Night), are directing to their object. May these invigorating offerings propitiate hi, so that he may bestow upon us friendly (regard), and (abundant) food.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
The sisters: svasārā = liṭ, sisters; day and night; or, instrumental tutor of the right and the officiating priest; or, the fingers used in ritual manipulations
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): agastyo maitrāvaruṇiḥ [agastya maitrāvaruṇi];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): bhurikpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
न । घ॒ । राजा॑ । इन्द्रः॑ । आ । द॒भ॒त् । नः॒ । या । नु । स्वसा॑रा । कृ॒णव॑न्त । योनौ॑ । आपः॑ । चि॒त् । अ॒स्मै॒ । सु॒ऽतुकाः॑ । अ॒वे॒ष॒न् । गम॑त् । नः॒ । इन्द्रः॑ । स॒ख्या । वयः॑ । च॒ ॥
न । घ । राजा । इन्द्रः । आ । दभत् । नः । या । नु । स्वसारा । कृणवन्त । योनौ । आपः । चित् । अस्मै । सुतुकाः । अवेषन् । गमत् । नः । इन्द्रः । सख्या । वयः । च ॥
na | gha | rājā | indraḥ | ā | dabhat | naḥ | yā | nu | svasārā | kṛṇavanta | yonau | āpaḥ | cit | asmai | su-tukāḥ | aveṣan | gamat | naḥ | indraḥ | sakhyā | vayaḥ | ca
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.178.2 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[adverb]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“king; Kshatriya; rājan [word]; best; rājāvarta; Yakṣa.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[verb], singular, Present injunctive
[noun], accusative, plural
“I; mine.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[adverb]
“now; already.”
[noun], nominative, dual, feminine
“sister; svasṛ [word].”
[verb], plural, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[noun], locative, singular, feminine
“vagina; vulva; uterus; beginning; origin; reincarnation; birthplace; family; production; cause; race; grain; raw material; birth; kind; caste; kinship; bed.”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”
[adverb]
“even; indeed.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
[verb], plural, Imperfect
“labor; act; perform.”
[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
“go; situate; enter (a state); travel; disappear; [in]; elapse; leave; reach; vanish; love; walk; approach; issue; hop on; gasify; get; come; die; drain; spread; transform; happen; discharge; ride; to be located; run; detect; refer; go; shall; drive.”
[noun], accusative, plural
“I; mine.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“friendship; aid; company.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“age; vigor; old age; strength; vayas [word]; aging; power; youth; food.”
[adverb]
“and; besides; then; now; even.”