Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.167.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
परा॑ शु॒भ्रा अ॒यासो॑ य॒व्या सा॑धार॒ण्येव॑ म॒रुतो॑ मिमिक्षुः । न रो॑द॒सी अप॑ नुदन्त घो॒रा जु॒षन्त॒ वृधं॑ स॒ख्याय॑ दे॒वाः ॥
परा शुभ्रा अयासो यव्या साधारण्येव मरुतो मिमिक्षुः । न रोदसी अप नुदन्त घोरा जुषन्त वृधं सख्याय देवाः ॥
parā śubhrā ayāso yavyā sādhāraṇyeva maruto mimikṣuḥ | na rodasī apa nudanta ghorā juṣanta vṛdhaṃ sakhyāya devāḥ ||
English translation:
“The radiant, ever-moving Maruts, have mingled with (their) associate, (lightning), like (youths) with common women; the formidable divinities do not overwhelm heaven and earth (with rain), but promote their prosperity through (friendly) regard.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
With a common woman: sādhāraṇyeva = a public, or common woman
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): agastyo maitrāvaruṇiḥ [agastya maitrāvaruṇi];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indro marucca ;
Chandas (meter): bhurikpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
परा॑ । शु॒भ्राः । अ॒यासः॑ । य॒व्या । सा॒धा॒र॒ण्याऽइ॑व । म॒रुतो॑ । मि॒मि॒क्षुः॒ । न । रो॒द॒सी इति॑ । अप॑ । नु॒द॒न्त॒ । घो॒राः । जु॒षन्त॑ । वृध॑म् । स॒ख्याय॑ । दे॒वाः ॥
परा । शुभ्राः । अयासः । यव्या । साधारण्याइव । मरुतो । मिमिक्षुः । न । रोदसी इति । अप । नुदन्त । घोराः । जुषन्त । वृधम् । सख्याय । देवाः ॥
parā | śubhrāḥ | ayāsaḥ | yavyā | sādhāraṇyāiva | maruto | mimikṣuḥ | na | rodasī iti | apa | nudanta | ghorāḥ | juṣanta | vṛdham | sakhyāya | devāḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.167.4 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“away.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“white; beautiful; attractive; śubhra [word]; light.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“undaunted; irrepressible; audacious.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
“general; sādhāraṇa; common; average; general.”
[adverb]
“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“Marut; vāta; wind; Vayu.”
[verb], plural, Perfect indicative
“be situated; attach.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[noun], accusative, dual, feminine
“heaven and earth; Earth.”
[adverb]
“away.”
[verb], plural, Present injunctive
“push; propel; expel; push; move.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“awful; dangerous; terrific; intense; dreadful.”
[verb], plural, Present injunctive
“enjoy; endow; possess; frequent; accompany; induce; consume; approve; affect; attend; befit; blend; contract.”
[verb noun]
“increase; grow; vṛdh; increase; succeed; strengthen; grow up; spread.”
[noun], dative, singular, neuter
“friendship; aid; company.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”