Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.165.1

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

कया॑ शु॒भा सव॑यस॒: सनी॑ळाः समा॒न्या म॒रुत॒: सं मि॑मिक्षुः । कया॑ म॒ती कुत॒ एता॑स ए॒तेऽर्च॑न्ति॒ शुष्मं॒ वृष॑णो वसू॒या ॥
कया शुभा सवयसः सनीळाः समान्या मरुतः सं मिमिक्षुः । कया मती कुत एतास एतेऽर्चन्ति शुष्मं वृषणो वसूया ॥
kayā śubhā savayasaḥ sanīḻāḥ samānyā marutaḥ sam mimikṣuḥ | kayā matī kuta etāsa ete 'rcanti śuṣmaṃ vṛṣaṇo vasūyā ||

English translation:

“(Indra speaks): With what auspicious fortune have the Maruts, who are of one age, one residence, one dignity, watered (the earth) together; with what intention; whence have they come; showerers of rain, they venerate through desire of wealth, the energy (that is genitive rated in the world by rain).”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): agastyaḥ [agastya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

कया॑ । शु॒भा । सऽव॑यसः । सऽनी॑ळाः । स॒मा॒न्या । म॒रुतः॑ । सम् । मि॒मि॒क्षुः॒ । कया॑ । म॒ती । कुतः॑ । आऽइ॑तासः । ए॒ते । अर्च॑न्ति । शुष्म॑म् । वृष॑णः । व॒सु॒ऽया ॥
कया । शुभा । सवयसः । सनीळाः । समान्या । मरुतः । सम् । मिमिक्षुः । कया । मती । कुतः । आइतासः । एते । अर्चन्ति । शुष्मम् । वृषणः । वसुया ॥
kayā | śubhā | sa-vayasaḥ | sa-nīḷāḥ | samānyā | marutaḥ | sam | mimikṣuḥ | kayā | matī | kutaḥ | āitāsaḥ | ete | arcanti | śuṣmam | vṛṣaṇaḥ | vasu-yā

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.165.1 English analysis of grammar]

kayā < ka

[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine

“what; who; ka [pronoun].”

śubhā < śubh

[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine

savayasaḥ < savayas

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

sanīᄆāḥ < sanīḍa

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“kindred; equal; sanīḍa [word].”

samānyā

[adverb]

marutaḥ < marut

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“Marut; vāta; wind; Vayu.”

sam

[adverb]

“sam; together; together; saṃ.”

mimikṣuḥ < mikṣ

[verb], plural, Perfect indicative

“season.”

kayā < ka

[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine

“what; who; ka [pronoun].”

matī < mati

[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine

“intelligence; decision; mind; hymn; purpose; idea; opinion; belief; desire; wish; conviction; plan; devotion.”

kuta < kutas

[adverb]

“how; whence; why.”

etāsa < etāsaḥ < e < √i

[verb noun], nominative, plural

“come; travel.”

ete < etad

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); etad [word].”

'rcanti < arcanti < arc

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“sing; worship; honor; praise; welcome.”

śuṣmaṃ < śuṣmam < śuṣma

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“vigor; energy; fire; hiss; courage.”

vṛṣaṇo < vṛṣaṇaḥ < vṛṣan

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“bull; Indra; stallion; Vṛṣan; man.”

vasūyā

[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine

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