Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.164.42
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
तस्या॑: समु॒द्रा अधि॒ वि क्ष॑रन्ति॒ तेन॑ जीवन्ति प्र॒दिश॒श्चत॑स्रः । तत॑: क्षरत्य॒क्षरं॒ तद्विश्व॒मुप॑ जीवति ॥
तस्याः समुद्रा अधि वि क्षरन्ति तेन जीवन्ति प्रदिशश्चतस्रः । ततः क्षरत्यक्षरं तद्विश्वमुप जीवति ॥
tasyāḥ samudrā adhi vi kṣaranti tena jīvanti pradiśaś catasraḥ | tataḥ kṣaraty akṣaraṃ tad viśvam upa jīvati ||
English translation:
“From her the clouds shed abundant rain, and thence (the people of) the four quarters live; thence the moisture spreads (to the grain), and the universe exists.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
From her: the sound of the clouds or sky, the thunder
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): dīrghatamā aucathyaḥ [dīrghatamas aucathya];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): vāk; , āpaḥ ;
Chandas (meter): bhurigbṛhatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
तस्याः॑ । स॒मु॒द्राः । अधि॑ । वि । क्ष॒र॒न्ति॒ । तेन॑ । जी॒व॒न्ति॒ । प्र॒ऽदिशः॑ । चत॑स्रः । ततः॑ । क्ष॒र॒ति॒ । अ॒क्षर॑म् । तत् । विश्व॑म् । उप॑ । जी॒व॒ति॒ ॥
तस्याः । समुद्राः । अधि । वि । क्षरन्ति । तेन । जीवन्ति । प्रदिशः । चतस्रः । ततः । क्षरति । अक्षरम् । तत् । विश्वम् । उप । जीवति ॥
tasyāḥ | samudrāḥ | adhi | vi | kṣaranti | tena | jīvanti | pra-diśaḥ | catasraḥ | tataḥ | kṣarati | akṣaram | tat | viśvam | upa | jīvati
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.164.42 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], ablative, singular, feminine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“ocean; Samudra; sea; samudra [word]; four.”
[adverb]
“on; from; accordingly.”
[adverb]
“apart; away; away.”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“run; melt.”
[adverb]
“therefore; thereby; there.”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“survive; be; exist; live on; dwell.”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“quarter; direction; command; region; indication.”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“four; catur [word].”
[adverb]
“then; therefore; now; then; from there; subsequently; consequently; then; there; from that; for that reason; alternatively; consequently; furthermore.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“run; melt.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“syllable; Om; sound; Brahma; vowel; word; final emancipation.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”
[adverb]
“towards; on; next.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“survive; be; exist; live on; dwell.”