Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.164.40

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

सू॒य॒व॒साद्भग॑वती॒ हि भू॒या अथो॑ व॒यं भग॑वन्तः स्याम । अ॒द्धि तृण॑मघ्न्ये विश्व॒दानीं॒ पिब॑ शु॒द्धमु॑द॒कमा॒चर॑न्ती ॥
सूयवसाद्भगवती हि भूया अथो वयं भगवन्तः स्याम । अद्धि तृणमघ्न्ये विश्वदानीं पिब शुद्धमुदकमाचरन्ती ॥
sūyavasād bhagavatī hi bhūyā atho vayam bhagavantaḥ syāma | addhi tṛṇam aghnye viśvadānīm piba śuddham udakam ācarantī ||

English translation:

“Cow, may you be rich in milk through abundant fodder; that we also may be rich (in abundance); eat grass at all seasons, and, roaming (at will), drink pure water.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): dīrghatamā aucathyaḥ [dīrghatamas aucathya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśvedevā:;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

सु॒य॒व॒स॒ऽअत् । भग॑ऽवती । हि । भू॒याः । अथो॒ इति॑ । व॒यम् । भग॑ऽवन्तः । स्या॒म॒ । अ॒द्धि । तृण॑म् । अ॒घ्न्ये॒ । वि॒श्व॒ऽदानी॑म् । पिब॑ । शु॒द्धम् । उ॒द॒कम् । आ॒ऽचर॑न्ती ॥
सुयवसअत् । भगवती । हि । भूयाः । अथो इति । वयम् । भगवन्तः । स्याम । अद्धि । तृणम् । अघ्न्ये । विश्वदानीम् । पिब । शुद्धम् । उदकम् । आचरन्ती ॥
suyavasa-at | bhaga-vatī | hi | bhūyāḥ | atho iti | vayam | bhaga-vantaḥ | syāma | addhi | tṛṇam | aghnye | viśva-dānīm | piba | śuddham | udakam | ācarantī

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.164.40 English analysis of grammar]

sūyavasād < su

[adverb]

“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

sūyavasād < yavasāt < yavasa

[noun], ablative, singular, masculine

“eatage; pasture; fodder.”

bhagavatī < bhagavat

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“honorable; divine; fortunate; holy; adorable; happy; august; favored.”

hi

[adverb]

“because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”

bhūyā < bhūyāḥ < bhū

[verb], singular, Prekativ

“become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”

atho

[adverb]

“now; but; furthermore.”

vayam < mad

[noun], nominative, plural

“I; mine.”

bhagavantaḥ < bhagavat

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“honorable; divine; fortunate; holy; adorable; happy; august; favored.”

syāma < as

[verb], plural, Present optative

“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”

addhi < ad

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“eat; devour.”

tṛṇam < tṛṇa

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“grass; tṛṇa [word]; herb.”

aghnye < aghnyā

[noun], vocative, singular, feminine

“cow.”

viśvadānīm

[adverb]

“always.”

piba <

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“drink; gulp; soak; drink; suck; inhale.”

śuddham < śudh

[verb noun], accusative, singular

“become pure; purify; wash; expiate; clean; cleanse.”

udakam < udaka

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“water; Udaka; juice; body of water; solution; udaka [word]; decoction; udakaprameha; washing water; kaṣāya; tear; ablution.”

ācarantī < ācar < √car

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“perform; prowl; administer; make; frequent; treat; cause; approach; heed; treat; act; produce; behave; put on; do; undertake.”

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