Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.164.39
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ऋ॒चो अ॒क्षरे॑ पर॒मे व्यो॑म॒न्यस्मि॑न्दे॒वा अधि॒ विश्वे॑ निषे॒दुः । यस्तन्न वेद॒ किमृ॒चा क॑रिष्यति॒ य इत्तद्वि॒दुस्त इ॒मे समा॑सते ॥
ऋचो अक्षरे परमे व्योमन्यस्मिन्देवा अधि विश्वे निषेदुः । यस्तन्न वेद किमृचा करिष्यति य इत्तद्विदुस्त इमे समासते ॥
ṛco akṣare parame vyoman yasmin devā adhi viśve niṣeduḥ | yas tan na veda kim ṛcā kariṣyati ya it tad vidus ta ime sam āsate ||
English translation:
“All the gods have taken their seats upon this supreme heaven, the imperishable (text) of the Veda; what will he, who knows not this, do with the Veda? but they who do know it, they are perfect.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Upon this supreme: ṛco akṣare parame vyomani: ṛk = all the Vedas;
Akṣara: yenākṣaram puruṣam veda satyam (Muṇḍaka Upaniṣad 1.2.13)
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): dīrghatamā aucathyaḥ [dīrghatamas aucathya];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśvedevā:;
Chandas (meter): bhuriktriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ऋ॒चः । अ॒क्षरे॑ । प॒र॒मे । विऽओ॑मन् । यस्मि॑न् । दे॒वाः । अधि॑ । विश्वे॑ । नि॒ऽसे॒दुः । यः । तत् । न । वेद॑ । किम् । ऋ॒चा । क॒रि॒ष्य॒ति॒ । ये । इत् । तत् । वि॒दुः । ते । इ॒मे । सम् । आ॒स॒ते॒ ॥
ऋचः । अक्षरे । परमे । विओमन् । यस्मिन् । देवाः । अधि । विश्वे । निसेदुः । यः । तत् । न । वेद । किम् । ऋचा । करिष्यति । ये । इत् । तत् । विदुः । ते । इमे । सम् । आसते ॥
ṛcaḥ | akṣare | parame | vi-oman | yasmin | devāḥ | adhi | viśve | ni-seduḥ | yaḥ | tat | na | veda | kim | ṛcā | kariṣyati | ye | it | tat | viduḥ | te | ime | sam | āsate
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.164.39 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], genitive, singular, feminine
“Rig-Veda; Mantra; verse; ṛc [word]; ṛc.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“imperishable.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“extreme; best; excellent; highest; highest; devoted(p); maximal; distant; parama [word]; very; farthermost.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“abhra; sky; ākāśa; Svarga; Vyoman.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[adverb]
“on; from; accordingly.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”
[verb], plural, Perfect indicative
“sit down; sit; put.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“know; diagnose; perceive; know; accord; notice; deem; mind; learn; specify; watch; recognize; detect; call.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“what; who; ka [pronoun].”
[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
“Rig-Veda; Mantra; verse; ṛc [word]; ṛc.”
[verb], singular, Future
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[adverb]
“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[verb], plural, Perfect indicative
“know; diagnose; perceive; know; accord; notice; deem; mind; learn; specify; watch; recognize; detect; call.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[adverb]
“sam; together; together; saṃ.”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“sit; stay; sit down; dwell; lie; lie; exist.”