Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.164.19
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ये अ॒र्वाञ्च॒स्ताँ उ॒ परा॑च आहु॒र्ये परा॑ञ्च॒स्ताँ उ॑ अ॒र्वाच॑ आहुः । इन्द्र॑श्च॒ या च॒क्रथु॑: सोम॒ तानि॑ धु॒रा न यु॒क्ता रज॑सो वहन्ति ॥
ये अर्वाञ्चस्ताँ उ पराच आहुर्ये पराञ्चस्ताँ उ अर्वाच आहुः । इन्द्रश्च या चक्रथुः सोम तानि धुरा न युक्ता रजसो वहन्ति ॥
ye arvāñcas tām̐ u parāca āhur ye parāñcas tām̐ u arvāca āhuḥ | indraś ca yā cakrathuḥ soma tāni dhurā na yuktā rajaso vahanti ||
English translation:
“Those which (the sages) have termed descending, they have also termed ascending; and those they have termed ascending, they have also called descending; and those (orbits) which your, Soma and Indra, have made, bear along the worlds like (oxen) yoked to a twain.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Those which: the rays of light, or the plural nets changing their relative position as they revolve; Soma and Indra: the moon and the sun; Indra is one of the twelve Ādityas or identical here with the sun
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): dīrghatamā aucathyaḥ [dīrghatamas aucathya];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśvedevā:;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ये । अ॒र्वाञ्चः॑ । तान् । ऊँ॒ इति॑ । परा॑चः । आ॒हुः॒ । ये । परा॑ञ्चः । तान् । ऊँ॒ इति॑ । अ॒र्वाचः॑ । आ॒हुः॒ । इन्द्रः॑ । च॒ । या । च॒क्रथुः॑ । सो॒म॒ । तानि॑ । धु॒रा । न । यु॒क्ताः । रज॑सः । व॒ह॒न्ति॒ ॥
ये । अर्वाञ्चः । तान् । ऊँ इति । पराचः । आहुः । ये । पराञ्चः । तान् । ऊँ इति । अर्वाचः । आहुः । इन्द्रः । च । या । चक्रथुः । सोम । तानि । धुरा । न । युक्ताः । रजसः । वहन्ति ॥
ye | arvāñcaḥ | tān | oṃ iti | parācaḥ | āhuḥ | ye | parāñcaḥ | tān | oṃ iti | arvācaḥ | āhuḥ | indraḥ | ca | yā | cakrathuḥ | soma | tāni | dhurā | na | yuktāḥ | rajasaḥ | vahanti
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.164.19 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“approaching; facing; less.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[adverb]
“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“fleeing(a); departing(a).”
[verb], plural, Perfect indicative
“describe; state; say; enumerate; call; name; teach; tell; deem; explain; say; define.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“fleeing(a); departing(a).”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[adverb]
“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“approaching; facing; less.”
[verb], plural, Perfect indicative
“describe; state; say; enumerate; call; name; teach; tell; deem; explain; say; define.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[adverb]
“and; besides; then; now; even.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[verb], dual, Perfect indicative
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”
[noun], nominative, plural, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
“yoke; dhur [word].”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[verb noun], nominative, plural
“mix; use; endow; yoke; accompany; to practice Yoga; connect; hire; administer; compound; affect; add; concentrate; unite; join; prosecute; combine; supply; compound; attach to; appoint; fill; process; mobilize; mount; complement; eat; join; treat; coincide; affect; challenge.”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“powder; menorrhea; dust; Rajas; atmosphere; rajas; pollen; passion; rajas [word]; sindūra; rust; tin; impurity; dark; sky.”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“transport; bring; marry; run; drive; vāhay; drive; run; pull; nirvāpay; blow; transport; discharge; assume; remove.”