Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.164.17
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अ॒वः परे॑ण प॒र ए॒नाव॑रेण प॒दा व॒त्सं बिभ्र॑ती॒ गौरुद॑स्थात् । सा क॒द्रीची॒ कं स्वि॒दर्धं॒ परा॑गा॒त्क्व॑ स्वित्सूते न॒हि यू॒थे अ॒न्तः ॥
अवः परेण पर एनावरेण पदा वत्सं बिभ्रती गौरुदस्थात् । सा कद्रीची कं स्विदर्धं परागात्क्व स्वित्सूते नहि यूथे अन्तः ॥
avaḥ pareṇa para enāvareṇa padā vatsam bibhratī gaur ud asthāt | sā kadrīcī kaṃ svid ardham parāgāt kva svit sūte nahi yūthe antaḥ ||
English translation:
“The cow, holding her calf underneath with her fore-feet, and then above with her hind-feet, has risen up; whither is she gone; to whom has she turned back when half-way; where does she bear young; it is not amidst the herd.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
The cow is the burnt-offering and the calf is Agni and the positions of the two indicate the station of the offerer with respect to the sun; or, the cow may typify the solar rays collectively and the calf the worshipper
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): dīrghatamā aucathyaḥ [dīrghatamas aucathya];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśvedevā:;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अ॒वः । परे॑ण । प॒रः । ए॒ना । अव॑रेण । प॒दा । व॒त्सम् । बिभ्र॑ती । गौः । उत् । अ॒स्था॒त् । सा । क॒द्रीची॑ । कम् । स्वि॒त् । अर्ध॑म् । परा॑ । अ॒गा॒त् । क्व॑ । स्वि॒त् । सू॒ते॒ । न॒हि । यू॒थे । अ॒न्तरिति॑ ॥
अवः । परेण । परः । एना । अवरेण । पदा । वत्सम् । बिभ्रती । गौः । उत् । अस्थात् । सा । कद्रीची । कम् । स्वित् । अर्धम् । परा । अगात् । क्व । स्वित् । सूते । नहि । यूथे । अन्तरिति ॥
avaḥ | pareṇa | paraḥ | enā | avareṇa | padā | vatsam | bibhratī | gauḥ | ut | asthāt | sā | kadrīcī | kam | svit | ardham | parā | agāt | kva | svit | sūte | nahi | yūthe | antari ti
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.164.17 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“down.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“best; other; following; devoted(p); extreme; highest; otherwordly; better; hostile; maximal; distant; another(a); para [word]; upper; concluding; foreign; earlier; worse; longer; finest; excessive.”
[adverb]
“beyond; away; farther.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“worst; avara [word]; lower; nearer; base; short; low; abject; later(a); worse; antecedent.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine
“foot; pad [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“calf; child; Vatsa; vatsa [word]; juvenile; Vatsa; Vatsa; Vatsa; son; male child.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“bring; hold; fill; support; wear; possess; carry; nourish; keep; hire; have; satiate; follow; bear.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”
[adverb]
“up.”
[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)
“stay; stand; situate; exist; [in]; resist; endure; put; soak; be; stop; adhere; get stale; concentrate; grow; trust; wake; consociate; last; dwell; lie; stand; stop.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“what; who; ka [pronoun].”
[adverb]
“svid [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“one-half; ardha [word].”
[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)
[adverb]
“wherein; how; kva [word].”
[adverb]
“svid [word].”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“give birth; urge; bestow; cause.”
[adverb]
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“herd; troop; battalion.”
[adverb]
“inside; in; antar [word]; midmost; between; among.”