Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.164.10
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ति॒स्रो मा॒तॄस्त्रीन्पि॒तॄन्बिभ्र॒देक॑ ऊ॒र्ध्वस्त॑स्थौ॒ नेमव॑ ग्लापयन्ति । म॒न्त्रय॑न्ते दि॒वो अ॒मुष्य॑ पृ॒ष्ठे वि॑श्व॒विदं॒ वाच॒मवि॑श्वमिन्वाम् ॥
तिस्रो मातॄस्त्रीन्पितॄन्बिभ्रदेक ऊर्ध्वस्तस्थौ नेमव ग्लापयन्ति । मन्त्रयन्ते दिवो अमुष्य पृष्ठे विश्वविदं वाचमविश्वमिन्वाम् ॥
tisro mātṝs trīn pitṝn bibhrad eka ūrdhvas tasthau nem ava glāpayanti | mantrayante divo amuṣya pṛṣṭhe viśvavidaṃ vācam aviśvaminvām ||
English translation:
“The one sole (sun), having three mothers and three fathers, stood on high; none ever over-weary him; the (gods) on the summit of the sky take counsel respecting him in language all-comprehending (but) not extending to all.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Three mothers and three fathers: the three worlds, earth, sky, heaven; and the three deities presiding over them: agni, vāyu, sūrya; in language: viśvavidam vācam aviśvaminvām = speech or discourse, knowing all, or which may be known by all; or, that which does not extend to all, a-sarvavyāpinīm;
Speech = thunder: vācam garjitalakṣaṇam
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): dīrghatamā aucathyaḥ [dīrghatamas aucathya];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśvedevā:;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ति॒स्रः । मा॒तॄः । त्रीन् । पि॒तॄन् । बिभ्र॑त् । एकः॑ । ऊ॒र्ध्वः । त॒स्थौ॒ । न । ई॒म् । अव॑ । ग्ल॒प॒य॒न्ति॒ । म॒न्त्रय॑न्ते । दि॒वः । अ॒मुष्य॑ । पृ॒ष्ठे । वि॒श्व॒ऽविद॑म् । वाच॑म् । अवि॑श्वऽमिन्वाम् ॥
तिस्रः । मातॄः । त्रीन् । पितॄन् । बिभ्रत् । एकः । ऊर्ध्वः । तस्थौ । न । ईम् । अव । ग्लपयन्ति । मन्त्रयन्ते । दिवः । अमुष्य । पृष्ठे । विश्वविदम् । वाचम् । अविश्वमिन्वाम् ॥
tisraḥ | mātṝḥ | trīn | pitṝn | bibhrat | ekaḥ | ūrdhvaḥ | tasthau | na | īm | ava | glapayanti | mantrayante | divaḥ | amuṣya | pṛṣṭhe | viśva-vidam | vācam | aviśva-minvām
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.164.10 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“three; tri/tisṛ [word].”
[noun], accusative, plural
“mother; mātṛkā; mātṛ [word]; parent; Salvinia cucullata Roxb.; Citrullus colocynthis Schrad.; cow.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“three; tri/tisṛ [word].”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“father; Pitṛ; ancestor; parent; paternal ancestor; pitṛ [word]; forefather.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“bring; hold; fill; support; wear; possess; carry; nourish; keep; hire; have; satiate; follow; bear.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“one; single(a); alone(p); some(a); single(a); eka [word]; alone(p); excellent; each(a); some(a); one; same; alone(p); some(a); consistent; any(a); undifferentiated; disjunct.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“upper; up(a); upper; upward; erect; more(a); raised; ūrdhva [word]; acclivitous; overturned; loud; eminent; high.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“stay; stand; situate; exist; [in]; resist; endure; put; soak; be; stop; adhere; get stale; concentrate; grow; trust; wake; consociate; last; dwell; lie; stand; stop.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[adverb]
[adverb]
“down.”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“debate; consecrate; discuss; take counsel; consult; advise.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“that; John Doe; yonder; from here.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“back; top; top; surface; shell; peak; Pṛṣṭha; flat roof; pṛṣṭha [word]; back; roof.”
[noun]
“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“conversant(p); aware(p); enlightened; understanding.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“speech; statement; voice; voice; speech; language; vāc [word]; word; literary composition; conversation; sound; Sarasvati; cry; assurance; spell.”
[adverb]
“not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine