Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.163.13

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

उप॒ प्रागा॑त्पर॒मं यत्स॒धस्थ॒मर्वाँ॒ अच्छा॑ पि॒तरं॑ मा॒तरं॑ च । अ॒द्या दे॒वाञ्जुष्ट॑तमो॒ हि ग॒म्या अथा शा॑स्ते दा॒शुषे॒ वार्या॑णि ॥
उप प्रागात्परमं यत्सधस्थमर्वाँ अच्छा पितरं मातरं च । अद्या देवाञ्जुष्टतमो हि गम्या अथा शास्ते दाशुषे वार्याणि ॥
upa prāgāt paramaṃ yat sadhastham arvām̐ acchā pitaram mātaraṃ ca | adyā devāñ juṣṭatamo hi gamyā athā śāste dāśuṣe vāryāṇi ||

English translation:

“The horse proceeds to that assembly which is most excellent; to the presence of his father and his mother, (heaven and earth). Go, (Horse), today rejoicing to the gods, that (the sacrifice) may yield blessings to the donor.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): dīrghatamā aucathyaḥ [dīrghatamas aucathya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): aśvo'gniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

उप॑ । प्र । अ॒गा॒त् । प॒र॒मम् । यत् । स॒धऽस्थ॑म् । अर्वा॑न् । अच्छ॑ । पि॒तर॑म् । मा॒तर॑म् । च॒ । अ॒द्य । दे॒वान् । जुष्ट॑ऽतमः । हि । ग॒म्याः । अथ॑ । आ । शा॒स्ते॒ । दा॒शुषे॑ । वार्या॑णि ॥
उप । प्र । अगात् । परमम् । यत् । सधस्थम् । अर्वान् । अच्छ । पितरम् । मातरम् । च । अद्य । देवान् । जुष्टतमः । हि । गम्याः । अथ । आ । शास्ते । दाशुषे । वार्याणि ॥
upa | pra | agāt | paramam | yat | sadha-stham | arvān | accha | pitaram | mātaram | ca | adya | devān | juṣṭa-tamaḥ | hi | gamyāḥ | atha | ā | śāste | dāśuṣe | vāryāṇi

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.163.13 English analysis of grammar]

upa

[adverb]

“towards; on; next.”

prāgāt < pragā < √gā

[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)

paramaṃ < paramam < parama

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“extreme; best; excellent; highest; highest; devoted(p); maximal; distant; parama [word]; very; farthermost.”

yat < yad

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

sadhastham < sadhastha

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“dwelling; location; home.”

arvāṃ < arvān < arvant

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“horse.”

acchā

[adverb]

“towards; accha [prefix].”

pitaram < pitṛ

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“father; Pitṛ; ancestor; parent; paternal ancestor; pitṛ [word]; forefather.”

mātaraṃ < mātaram < mātṛ

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“mother; mātṛkā; mātṛ [word]; parent; Salvinia cucullata Roxb.; Citrullus colocynthis Schrad.; cow.”

ca

[adverb]

“and; besides; then; now; even.”

adyā < adya

[adverb]

“now; today; then; nowadays; adya [word].”

devāñ < devān < deva

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

juṣṭatamo < juṣṭatamaḥ < juṣṭatama

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

hi

[adverb]

“because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”

gamyā < gamyāḥ < gam

[verb], singular, Prekativ

“go; situate; enter (a state); travel; disappear; [in]; elapse; leave; reach; vanish; love; walk; approach; issue; hop on; gasify; get; come; die; drain; spread; transform; happen; discharge; ride; to be located; run; detect; refer; go; shall; drive.”

athā < atha

[adverb]

“now; then; furthermore; now; then.”

śāste < śās

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“teach; govern; command; order; control; tell; recommend; chastize; instruct.”

dāśuṣe < dāś

[verb noun], dative, singular

“sacrifice; give.”

vāryāṇi < vārya

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“wealth.”

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