Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.163.12
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
उप॒ प्रागा॒च्छस॑नं वा॒ज्यर्वा॑ देव॒द्रीचा॒ मन॑सा॒ दीध्या॑नः । अ॒जः पु॒रो नी॑यते॒ नाभि॑र॒स्यानु॑ प॒श्चात्क॒वयो॑ यन्ति रे॒भाः ॥
उप प्रागाच्छसनं वाज्यर्वा देवद्रीचा मनसा दीध्यानः । अजः पुरो नीयते नाभिरस्यानु पश्चात्कवयो यन्ति रेभाः ॥
upa prāgāc chasanaṃ vājy arvā devadrīcā manasā dīdhyānaḥ | ajaḥ puro nīyate nābhir asyānu paścāt kavayo yanti rebhāḥ ||
English translation:
“The swift horse approaches the plural ce of immolation, meditating with mind intent upon the gods; the goat bound to him is led before him; after him follow the priests and the singers.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
The goat bound to him: ajaḥ puronīyate nābhirasyānu paścāt kavayo yanti rebhāḥ: nābhi is connected with aja, implying nahanam, a binding; or, as not detached from him; anu andpaścāt are connected = following after; kaviḥ manīṣī (Nirukta 3.15.10), i.e. the priests; rebhaḥ jaritā (Nirukta 3.16.1), i.e. the singers; stotāraḥ, i.e. the praisers follow the goat fastened to the horse's waist
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): dīrghatamā aucathyaḥ [dīrghatamas aucathya];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): aśvo'gniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): bhurikpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
उप॑ । प्र । अ॒गा॒त् । शस॑नम् । वा॒जी । अर्वा॑ । दे॒व॒द्रीचा॑ । मन॑सा । दीध्या॑नः । अ॒जः । पु॒रः । नी॒य॒ते॒ । नाभिः॑ । अ॒स्य॒ । अनु॑ । प॒श्चात् । क॒वयः॑ । य॒न्ति॒ । रे॒भाः ॥
उप । प्र । अगात् । शसनम् । वाजी । अर्वा । देवद्रीचा । मनसा । दीध्यानः । अजः । पुरः । नीयते । नाभिः । अस्य । अनु । पश्चात् । कवयः । यन्ति । रेभाः ॥
upa | pra | agāt | śasanam | vājī | arvā | devadrīcā | manasā | dīdhyānaḥ | ajaḥ | puraḥ | nīyate | nābhiḥ | asya | anu | paścāt | kavayaḥ | yanti | rebhāḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.163.12 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“towards; on; next.”
[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“victorious; triumphant; strong; gainful.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“horse; arvan [word]; racehorse.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“mind; Manas; purpose; idea; attention; heart; decision; manas [word]; manas [indecl.]; spirit; temper; intelligence.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“think; desire; chew over.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“goat; Vishnu; Brahma; Shiva; Aja; aja [word]; Aja; aj; Ocimum gratissimum; Puruṣa.”
[adverb]
“ahead; puras [word]; easterly; eastward; east; earlier.”
[verb], singular, Indikativ Pr¦s. Passiv
“bring; lead; spend; decant; enter (a state); remove; take out; take away; enforce; marry; carry; fill into; bring; learn; go out; add.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“navel; hub; kinship; beginning; origin; umbilical cord; nābhi [word]; friendship; center.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[adverb]
“subsequently; behind; along; towards; because.”
[adverb]
“subsequently; westward; paścāt [word]; after; back.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“poet; wise man; bard; Venus; Uśanas; kavi [word]; Kavi; prophet; guru; Brahma.”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“go; travel; enter (a state); return; walk; continue; reach; ask.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“bard; eulogist.”