Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.163.3
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
असि॑ य॒मो अस्या॑दि॒त्यो अ॑र्व॒न्नसि॑ त्रि॒तो गुह्ये॑न व्र॒तेन॑ । असि॒ सोमे॑न स॒मया॒ विपृ॑क्त आ॒हुस्ते॒ त्रीणि॑ दि॒वि बन्ध॑नानि ॥
असि यमो अस्यादित्यो अर्वन्नसि त्रितो गुह्येन व्रतेन । असि सोमेन समया विपृक्त आहुस्ते त्रीणि दिवि बन्धनानि ॥
asi yamo asy ādityo arvann asi trito guhyena vratena | asi somena samayā vipṛkta āhus te trīṇi divi bandhanāni ||
English translation:
“Your horse is Yama and you are Āditya; you are Trita by a mysterious act; you are associated with Soma. The sages have said there are three bindings of you in heaven.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
By a mysterious act: guhyena vratena gopanīyena, durdina rūpeṇa vā karmaṇā sarvatra vyāptirūpeṇa, by a secret nature of a cloudy day,or an act of a universally penetrating character; the three bindings: bandhanāni trīṇi = utpattikāraṇāni, media of origin, that is the Vasus, Āditya and heaven
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): dīrghatamā aucathyaḥ [dīrghatamas aucathya];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): aśvo'gniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
असि॑ । य॒मः । असि॑ । आ॒दि॒त्यः । अ॒र्व॒न् । असि॑ । त्रि॒तः । गुहे॑न । व्र॒तेन॑ । असि॑ । सोमे॑न । स॒मया॑ । विऽपृ॑क्तः । आ॒हुः । ते॒ । त्रीणि॑ । दि॒वि । बन्ध॑नानि ॥
असि । यमः । असि । आदित्यः । अर्वन् । असि । त्रितः । गुहेन । व्रतेन । असि । सोमेन । समया । विपृक्तः । आहुः । ते । त्रीणि । दिवि । बन्धनानि ॥
asi | yamaḥ | asi | ādityaḥ | arvan | asi | tritaḥ | guhena | vratena | asi | somena | samayā | vi-pṛktaḥ | āhuḥ | te | trīṇi | divi | bandhanāni
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.163.3 English analysis of grammar]
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Yama; yama; twin; yam; Yama; two; bridle; yama [word]; Asvins.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“sun; Aditya; Surya; āditya [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“horse.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Trita.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“secret; concealed.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“vrata (vote); commandment; law; oath; command; rule; custom; vrata [word]; rule; behavior.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine
“Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”
[adverb]
“near.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
[verb], plural, Perfect indicative
“describe; state; say; enumerate; call; name; teach; tell; deem; explain; say; define.”
[noun], genitive, singular
“you.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“three; tri/tisṛ [word].”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“bandhana; dressing; saṃdhilepa; attachment; fetter; paralysis; enclosure; imprisonment; cord; spell; fastening; tying; shutting; joining; tendon; binding; stalk; hardening; bondage; captivity; constipation; kapha; bandhana; ligament.”