Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.160.3
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
स वह्नि॑: पु॒त्रः पि॒त्रोः प॒वित्र॑वान्पु॒नाति॒ धीरो॒ भुव॑नानि मा॒यया॑ । धे॒नुं च॒ पृश्निं॑ वृष॒भं सु॒रेत॑सं वि॒श्वाहा॑ शु॒क्रं पयो॑ अस्य दुक्षत ॥
स वह्निः पुत्रः पित्रोः पवित्रवान्पुनाति धीरो भुवनानि मायया । धेनुं च पृश्निं वृषभं सुरेतसं विश्वाहा शुक्रं पयो अस्य दुक्षत ॥
sa vahniḥ putraḥ pitroḥ pavitravān punāti dhīro bhuvanāni māyayā | dhenuṃ ca pṛśniṃ vṛṣabhaṃ suretasaṃ viśvāhā śukram payo asya dukṣata ||
English translation:
“The pure and the resolute son of (these) parents, the bearer (of rewards), sanctifies the worlds by his intelligence;. as well as the cow (the earth), and the vigorous bull (the heaven), and daily milks the pellucid milk (of the sky).”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
The bearer of rewards: sa vahni putraḥ pitroḥ: vahni = fire or Agni;or, Āditya, the Sun, of whom vahni is an epithet, the bearer of the rewards of pious rites, phalasya voḍhā
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): dīrghatamā aucathyaḥ [dīrghatamas aucathya];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): dyāvāpṛthivyau ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛjjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
सः । वह्निः॑ । पु॒त्रः । पि॒त्रोः । प॒वित्र॑ऽवान् । पु॒नाति॑ । धीरः॑ । भुव॑नानि । मा॒यया॑ । धे॒नुम् । च॒ । पृश्नि॑म् । वृ॒ष॒भम् । सु॒ऽरेत॑सम् । वि॒श्वाहा॑ । शु॒क्रम् । पयः॑ । अ॒स्य॒ । धु॒क्ष॒त॒ ॥
सः । वह्निः । पुत्रः । पित्रोः । पवित्रवान् । पुनाति । धीरः । भुवनानि । मायया । धेनुम् । च । पृश्निम् । वृषभम् । सुरेतसम् । विश्वाहा । शुक्रम् । पयः । अस्य । धुक्षत ॥
saḥ | vahniḥ | putraḥ | pitroḥ | pavitra-vān | punāti | dhīraḥ | bhuvanāni | māyayā | dhenum | ca | pṛśnim | vṛṣabham | su-retasam | viśvāhā | śukram | payaḥ | asya | dhukṣata
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.160.3 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“fire; digestion; Plumbago zeylanica; Agni; vahni; draft horse; three; sacrificial fire; Vahni; gold; southeast; citron; charioteer; leader.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“son; putra [word]; male child; Putra; Bodhisattva.”
[noun], genitive, dual, masculine
“father; Pitṛ; ancestor; parent; paternal ancestor; pitṛ [word]; forefather.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“expert; wise; intelligent; versed; adept.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“Earth; being; world; bhuvana [word].”
[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
“magic trick; Māyā; deception; illusion; māyā [word]; disguise; trick.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“cow; dhenu [word]; milk.”
[adverb]
“and; besides; then; now; even.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“varicolored; dappled.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“bull; Vṛṣabha; Vṛṣabha; best.”
[adverb]
“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“semen; sperm.”
[adverb]
“always.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“semen; sperm; śukra; śukraprameha; liquid; ejaculation.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“milk; milky juice; water; fluid; juice; payas [word]; drink.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
“milk.”