Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.156.1

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

भवा॑ मि॒त्रो न शेव्यो॑ घृ॒तासु॑ति॒र्विभू॑तद्युम्न एव॒या उ॑ स॒प्रथा॑: । अधा॑ ते विष्णो वि॒दुषा॑ चि॒दर्ध्य॒: स्तोमो॑ य॒ज्ञश्च॒ राध्यो॑ ह॒विष्म॑ता ॥
भवा मित्रो न शेव्यो घृतासुतिर्विभूतद्युम्न एवया उ सप्रथाः । अधा ते विष्णो विदुषा चिदर्ध्यः स्तोमो यज्ञश्च राध्यो हविष्मता ॥
bhavā mitro na śevyo ghṛtāsutir vibhūtadyumna evayā u saprathāḥ | adhā te viṣṇo viduṣā cid ardhyaḥ stomo yajñaś ca rādhyo haviṣmatā ||

English translation:

“Be (to us), Viṣṇu, like a friend, the giver of happiness, the acepter of oblations, abounding with food, the granter of protection, and every way accessible; on which account your praise is to be repeatedly recited by the wise, and your worship to be celebrated by the offerer of oblations.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): dīrghatamā aucathyaḥ [dīrghatamas aucathya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viṣṇuḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

भव॑ । मि॒त्रः । न । शेव्यः॑ । घृ॒तऽआ॑सुतिः । विभू॑तऽद्युम्नः । ए॒व॒ऽयाः । ऊ॒आ॑म् इति॑ । स॒ऽप्रथाः॑ । अध॑ । ते॒ । वि॒ष्णो॒ इति॑ । वि॒दुषा॑ । चि॒त् । अर्ध्यः॑ । स्तोमः॑ । य॒ज्ञः । च॒ । राध्यः॑ । ह॒विष्म॑ता ॥
भव । मित्रः । न । शेव्यः । घृतआसुतिः । विभूतद्युम्नः । एवयाः । ऊआम् इति । सप्रथाः । अध । ते । विष्णो इति । विदुषा । चित् । अर्ध्यः । स्तोमः । यज्ञः । च । राध्यः । हविष्मता ॥
bhava | mitraḥ | na | śevyaḥ | ghṛta-āsutiḥ | vibhūta-dyumnaḥ | eva-yāḥ | ūām iti | sa-prathāḥ | adha | te | viṣṇo iti | viduṣā | cit | ardhyaḥ | stomaḥ | yajñaḥ | ca | rādhyaḥ | haviṣmatā

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.156.1 English analysis of grammar]

bhavā < bhava < bhū

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”

mitro < mitraḥ < mitra

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“friend; Mitra; mitra [word]; sun; ally.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

śevyo < śevyaḥ < śevya

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

ghṛtāsutir < ghṛta

[noun], neuter

“ghee; fat.”

ghṛtāsutir < āsutiḥ < āsuti

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

vibhūtadyumna < vibhūta < vibhū < √bhū

[verb noun]

“appear; expand; develop.”

vibhūtadyumna < dyumnaḥ < dyumna

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“magnificence.”

evayā < eva

[noun]

“fast; rapid; agile.”

evayā < yāḥ <

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“going.”

u

[adverb]

“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”

saprathāḥ < saprathas

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“extensive; wide; extended.”

adhā < adha

[adverb]

“then; and; therefore; now.”

te < tvad

[noun], dative, singular

“you.”

viṣṇo < viṣṇu

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Vishnu; Krishna; Viṣṇu; Om; Shiva.”

viduṣā < vid

[verb noun], instrumental, singular

“know; diagnose; perceive; know; accord; notice; deem; mind; learn; specify; watch; recognize; detect; call.”

cid < cit

[adverb]

“even; indeed.”

ardhya < ṛdh

[verb noun], vocative, singular

“boom; stick to.”

stomo < stomaḥ < stoma

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“hymn; Stoma; stoma [word].”

yajñaś < yajñaḥ < yajña

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“yajña; religious ceremony; Vishnu; yajña [word]; Yajña; Shiva.”

ca

[adverb]

“and; besides; then; now; even.”

rādhyo < rādhyaḥ < rādh

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“thrive; boom; succeed.”

haviṣmatā < haviṣmat

[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine

“sacrificing.”

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