Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.155.2

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

त्वे॒षमि॒त्था स॒मर॑णं॒ शिमी॑वतो॒रिन्द्रा॑विष्णू सुत॒पा वा॑मुरुष्यति । या मर्त्या॑य प्रतिधी॒यमा॑न॒मित्कृ॒शानो॒रस्तु॑रस॒नामु॑रु॒ष्यथ॑: ॥
त्वेषमित्था समरणं शिमीवतोरिन्द्राविष्णू सुतपा वामुरुष्यति । या मर्त्याय प्रतिधीयमानमित्कृशानोरस्तुरसनामुरुष्यथः ॥
tveṣam itthā samaraṇaṃ śimīvator indrāviṣṇū sutapā vām uruṣyati | yā martyāya pratidhīyamānam it kṛśānor astur asanām uruṣyathaḥ ||

English translation:

Indra and Viṣṇu, the devout worshipper glorifies the radiant approach of you two, who are the granters of desires, and who bestow upon the mortal who worships you an immediately-receivable (reward), through the distribution of that fire which is the scatterer (of desired blessings).”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

That fire which is: kṛṣānor astuḥ, of fire, which is the scatterer (of good things); or, the disperser of enemies -- nirasitā śatrūṇām

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): dīrghatamā aucathyaḥ [dīrghatamas aucathya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viṣṇuḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛjjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

त्वे॒षम् । इ॒त्था । स॒म्ऽअर॑णम् । शिमी॑ऽवतोः । इन्द्रा॑विष्णू॒ इति॑ । सु॒त॒ऽपाः । वा॒म् । उ॒रु॒ष्य॒ति॒ । या । मर्त्या॑य । प्र॒ति॒ऽधी॒यमा॑नम् । इत् । कृ॒शानोः॑ । अस्तुः॑ । अ॒स॒नाम् । उ॒रु॒ष्यथः॑ ॥
त्वेषम् । इत्था । सम्अरणम् । शिमीवतोः । इन्द्राविष्णू इति । सुतपाः । वाम् । उरुष्यति । या । मर्त्याय । प्रतिधीयमानम् । इत् । कृशानोः । अस्तुः । असनाम् । उरुष्यथः ॥
tveṣam | itthā | sam-araṇam | śimī-vatoḥ | indrāviṣṇūiti | suta-pāḥ | vām | uruṣyati | yā | martyāya | prati-dhīyamānam | it | kṛśānoḥ | astuḥ | asanām | uruṣyathaḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.155.2 English analysis of grammar]

tveṣam < tveṣa

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“awful; brilliant; aglitter(p); bright.”

itthā

[adverb]

“thus; here.”

samaraṇaṃ < samaraṇam < samaraṇa

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“battle.”

śimīvator < śimīvatoḥ < śimīvat

[noun], genitive, dual, masculine

“mighty.”

indrāviṣṇū < indrāviṣṇu

[noun], vocative, dual, masculine

sutapā < suta

[noun], masculine

“Soma.”

sutapā <

[noun], accusative, dual, masculine

“drinking.”

vām < tvad

[noun], accusative, dual

“you.”

uruṣyati < uruṣy

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“protect; help.”

< yad

[noun], nominative, dual, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

martyāya < martya

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“man; people; martya [word]; Earth.”

pratidhīyamānam < pratidhā < √dhā

[verb noun], accusative, singular

“target; insert.”

it < id

[adverb]

“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”

kṛśānor < kṛśānoḥ < kṛśānu

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“fire; Agni; Plumbago zeylanica.”

astur < astuḥ < astṛ

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“archer; shot.”

asanām < asanā

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

uruṣyathaḥ < uruṣy

[verb], dual, Present indikative

“protect; help.”

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