Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.154.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
यस्य॒ त्री पू॒र्णा मधु॑ना प॒दान्यक्षी॑यमाणा स्व॒धया॒ मद॑न्ति । य उ॑ त्रि॒धातु॑ पृथि॒वीमु॒त द्यामेको॑ दा॒धार॒ भुव॑नानि॒ विश्वा॑ ॥
यस्य त्री पूर्णा मधुना पदान्यक्षीयमाणा स्वधया मदन्ति । य उ त्रिधातु पृथिवीमुत द्यामेको दाधार भुवनानि विश्वा ॥
yasya trī pūrṇā madhunā padāny akṣīyamāṇā svadhayā madanti | ya u tridhātu pṛthivīm uta dyām eko dādhāra bhuvanāni viśvā ||
English translation:
“Whose three imperishable paces, filled with ambrosia, delight (mankind) with sacred food; who verily alone upholds the three elements, and earth and heaven.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
The three elements: tṛdhātu, the aggregate of three elements, earth, water, light: pṛthivyaptejorūpa dhātutrayaviśiṣṭam; or, the three periods of time, or the three qualities
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): dīrghatamā aucathyaḥ [dīrghatamas aucathya];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viṣṇuḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
यस्य॑ । त्री । पू॒र्णा । मधु॑ना । प॒दानि॑ । अक्षी॑यमाणा । स्व॒धया॑ । मद॑न्ति । यः । ऊँ॒ इति॑ । त्रि॒ऽधातु॑ । पृ॒थि॒वीम् । उ॒त । द्याम् । एकः॑ । दा॒धार॑ । भुव॑नानि । विश्वा॑ ॥
यस्य । त्री । पूर्णा । मधुना । पदानि । अक्षीयमाणा । स्वधया । मदन्ति । यः । ऊँ इति । त्रिधातु । पृथिवीम् । उत । द्याम् । एकः । दाधार । भुवनानि । विश्वा ॥
yasya | trī | pūrṇā | madhunā | padāni | akṣīyamāṇā | svadhayā | madanti | yaḥ | oṃ iti | tri-dhātu | pṛthivīm | uta | dyām | ekaḥ | dādhāra | bhuvanāni | viśvā
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.154.4 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], nominative, plural, neuter
“three; tri/tisṛ [word].”
[verb noun], nominative, plural
“fill; elapse; pull back; fill; satisfy; bestow; meet; stuff; load; mix; complete.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“honey; alcohol; sweet; nectar; madhu [word].”
[noun], nominative, plural, neuter
“word; location; foot; footprint; pada [word]; verse; footstep; metrical foot; situation; dwelling; state; step; mark; position; trace; construction; animal foot; way; moment; social station; topographic point; path; residence; site; topic.”
[adverb]
“not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”
[verb noun], nominative, plural
“decrease; emaciate; vanish; kill; wane; destroy; run down; elapse; lose; lose; gasify; decline; decay; corrupt.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
“free will; offering; libation; nature; svadhā [word]; comfort; power.”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“rut; intoxicate; delight; revel; rejoice; drink; ramp; exult.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[adverb]
“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“tridoṣa; Triloka.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“Earth; pṛthivī; floor; Earth; earth; pṛthivī [word]; land.”
[adverb]
“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“one; single(a); alone(p); some(a); single(a); eka [word]; alone(p); excellent; each(a); some(a); one; same; alone(p); some(a); consistent; any(a); undifferentiated; disjunct.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“keep; put; hold; assume; wear; take; promise; stay; exist; hold; begin; dip.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“Earth; being; world; bhuvana [word].”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”