Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.152.3
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अ॒पादे॑ति प्रथ॒मा प॒द्वती॑नां॒ कस्तद्वां॑ मित्रावरु॒णा चि॑केत । गर्भो॑ भा॒रं भ॑र॒त्या चि॑दस्य ऋ॒तं पिप॒र्त्यनृ॑तं॒ नि ता॑रीत् ॥
अपादेति प्रथमा पद्वतीनां कस्तद्वां मित्रावरुणा चिकेत । गर्भो भारं भरत्या चिदस्य ऋतं पिपर्त्यनृतं नि तारीत् ॥
apād eti prathamā padvatīnāṃ kas tad vām mitrāvaruṇā ciketa | garbho bhāram bharaty ā cid asya ṛtam piparty anṛtaṃ ni tārīt ||
English translation:
“Who knows, Mitra and Varuṇa, that it is your doing, that the footless dawn is the precursor of footed beings; and that your infant (progeny, the sun), sustains the burden of this (world); he diffuses (the) truth (of light), and disperses the falsehood (of darkness).”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Mitra and Varuṇa (ahorātre vai mitrāvaruṇau--Taittirīya Saṃhitā 2.4.10.1) are respectively the divinities presiding over day and night, consequently the break of day, and the course of the sun, may be considered as their work; the dawn is termed apād or footless, or not moving by its own feet or steps, but as depending upon the motion of the sun.
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): dīrghatamā aucathyaḥ [dīrghatamas aucathya];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): mitrāvaruṇau ;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अ॒पात् । ए॒ति॒ । प्र॒थ॒मा । प॒त्ऽवती॑नाम् । कः । तत् । वा॒म् । मि॒त्रा॒व॒रु॒णा॒ । आ । चि॒के॒त॒ । गर्भः॑ । भा॒रम् । भ॒र॒ति॒ । आ । चि॒त् । अ॒स्य॒ । ऋ॒तम् । पिप॑र्ति । अनृ॑तम् । नि । ता॒रीत् ॥
अपात् । एति । प्रथमा । पत्वतीनाम् । कः । तत् । वाम् । मित्रावरुणा । आ । चिकेत । गर्भः । भारम् । भरति । आ । चित् । अस्य । ऋतम् । पिपर्ति । अनृतम् । नि । तारीत् ॥
apāt | eti | prathamā | pat-vatīnām | kaḥ | tat | vām | mitrāvaruṇā | ā | ciketa | garbhaḥ | bhāram | bharati | ā | cit | asya | ṛtam | piparti | anṛtam | ni | tārīt
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.152.3 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“pād [word]; foot.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“go; travel; enter (a state); return; walk; continue; reach; ask.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“first; prathama [word]; third; young; chief(a); best; antecedent.”
[noun], genitive, plural, feminine
“footed.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“what; who; ka [pronoun].”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], genitive, dual
“you.”
[noun], vocative, dual, masculine
“Varuna; Mitra.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“notice; observe; attend to; intend.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“fetus; garbha; inside; cavity; embryo; uterus; child; pit; garbhadruti; filling; pregnancy; room; abdomen; fertilization; inside; hole; baby; calyx; midst.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“weight; load; difficulty; bhāra [word]; bhāra; quantity; trouble; specific gravity; cargo; effort; labor.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“bring; hold; fill; support; wear; possess; carry; nourish; keep; hire; have; satiate; follow; bear.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[adverb]
“even; indeed.”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“truth; order; fixed order; ṛta [word]; law; custom; custom.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“protect; promote; rescue; help.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“falsehood; lying; lie; cheat.”
[adverb]
“back; down.”
[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
“traverse; overcome; float; rescue; reach; satisfy.”