Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.151.9
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
रे॒वद्वयो॑ दधाथे रे॒वदा॑शाथे॒ नरा॑ मा॒याभि॑रि॒तऊ॑ति॒ माहि॑नम् । न वां॒ द्यावोऽह॑भि॒र्नोत सिन्ध॑वो॒ न दे॑व॒त्वं प॒णयो॒ नान॑शुर्म॒घम् ॥
रेवद्वयो दधाथे रेवदाशाथे नरा मायाभिरितऊति माहिनम् । न वां द्यावोऽहभिर्नोत सिन्धवो न देवत्वं पणयो नानशुर्मघम् ॥
revad vayo dadhāthe revad āśāthe narā māyābhir itaūti māhinam | na vāṃ dyāvo 'habhir nota sindhavo na devatvam paṇayo nānaśur magham ||
English translation:
“You distribute food, accompanied by riches; you bestow upon us, leaders (of sacrifice), wealth, ample, and defended by your wise provisions; the days with the nights have not attained your divinity; neither have the rivers, nor have the asuras, and they have not obtained (your) wealth.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
The days with the nights: dyāvo ahabhir na: dyāvāḥ = days;
Ahan = night; have not attained your divinity: nānaśurmagham: ānaśuḥ prāpnuvanti na vām dyāvo, i.e, there is no one in the three worlds more powerful than Mitra and Varuṇa: lokatraye yuvayoḥ parābhavitāro na ke api santi
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): dīrghatamā aucathyaḥ [dīrghatamas aucathya];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): mitrāvaruṇau ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛjjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
रे॒वत् । वयः॑ । द॒धा॒थे॒ । रे॒वत् । आ॒शा॒थे॒ इति॑ । नरा॑ । मा॒याभिः॑ । इ॒तःऽऊ॑ति । माहि॑नम् । न । वा॒म् । द्यावः॑ । अह॑ऽभिः । न । उ॒त । सिन्ध॑वः । न । दे॒व॒ऽत्वम् । प॒णयः॑ । न । आ॒न॒शुः॒ । म॒घम् ॥
रेवत् । वयः । दधाथे । रेवत् । आशाथे इति । नरा । मायाभिः । इतःऊति । माहिनम् । न । वाम् । द्यावः । अहभिः । न । उत । सिन्धवः । न । देवत्वम् । पणयः । न । आनशुः । मघम् ॥
revat | vayaḥ | dadhāthe | revat | āśātheiti | narā | māyābhiḥ | itaḥ-ūti | māhinam | na | vām | dyāvaḥ | aha-bhiḥ | na | uta | sindhavaḥ | na | deva-tvam | paṇayaḥ | na | ānaśuḥ | magham
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.151.9 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“abundant; rich; affluent; brilliant; brilliant.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“age; vigor; old age; strength; vayas [word]; aging; power; youth; food.”
[verb], dual, Present indikative
“put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“abundant; rich; affluent; brilliant; brilliant.”
[verb], dual, Perfect indicative
“get; reach; enter (a state).”
[noun], vocative, dual, masculine
“man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine
“magic trick; Māyā; deception; illusion; māyā [word]; disguise; trick.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“helpful; abiding.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“mighty; large.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[noun], genitive, dual
“you.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, neuter
“day; aha [word]; day.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[adverb]
“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“river; Indus; sindhu [word].”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[noun], masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“state; quality; cause; reason.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“niggard; paṇ.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[verb], plural, Perfect indicative
“get; reach; enter (a state).”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“gift; wealth; reward; wages; reward.”